题目内容
听力原文： Today's English learner has a wide choice d dictionaries in which to choose from. There are dictionaries with American English, with British English, with idioms or slang, and even with pictures. The most popular dictionary I have seen is the talking electronic dictionaries. All you have to do is to type in a word in your language and then you can see it and hear it in English. That's great, right？ Well, I think it's great, too... but only sometimes. Bilingual electronic dictionaries are fast and easy. They can be great when you are traveling and need information quickly. But I am against electronic dictionaries and even bilingual book dictionaries in many cases. Here is my explanation.
When you reach an intermediate level of English, you know enough of the language to ask the meaning of certain things while using English. Translating between languages in your head takes time. You should be translating as little as possible and you should be thinking in English as much as possible. I strongly recommend that intermediate and advanced students use an English-English dictionary made especially for your understanding rather than your translating. For example, Longman has a good dictionary for students. Other companies do, too.
I also feel that book dictionaries are better for studying titan electronic dictionaries. It is true that the book dictionaries take longer to use. But, for some reason, the information you look up seems to stay in your head longer. It may be because you were forced to spell the word in your head and therefore "see it" more clearly in your mind. So what do you do if you have checked an English-English dictionary and still don't understand something？ Go to your bilingual dictionary. It can help you in such a ease. Just remember to try to stay in English as much as possible, beaming language involves more understanding than translating.
(26)
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Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.
听力原文： I'm having problems living with Colin. We've barely spoken to each other in a month, and when we do, it's to fight. It started when we first moved in. I had a lot of things, and Colin wasn't thrilled. He's not easy to please, you know. I put all my stuff in the closet in the kitchen. This made him really upset because he wanted to put his surfing gear there. What's more, I like a neat, orderly apartment, but Colin is so carefree. His part of the apartment is always a mess. That's ok if he's just messy in his room, but we also share living space, such as the kitchen, living room, bath etc. I have tried talking to him about this, but then he starts yelling at me about how my friends are always coming over when he has a lot of work to do. I don't know what to do. The head resident promised to talk to Colin. I will see how it goes. If I still have a problem at the end of the week, I will ask for a room to change.
(27)
New research from Vanderbilt University suggests that we can remember more faces than other objects and that faces "stick" the best in our short-term memory. The reason may be that our expertise in remembering faces allows us to package them better for memory.
"Our results show that we can store more faces than other objects in our visual short-term memory," Gauthier, associate professor of psychology and the study's co-author, said. "We believe this happens because of the special way in which faces are encoded."
Kim Curby, the study's primary author and a post-doctoral researcher at Yale University, likens such encoding to packing a suitcase. "How much you can fit in a bag depends on how well you pack it," she said. "In the same way, our expertise in 'packaging' faces means that we can remember more of them."
Curby and Gauthier's research has practical implications for the way we use visual short-term memory or VSTM. "Being able to store more faces in VSTM may be very useful in complex social situations," Gauthier said.
"This opens up the possibility of training people to develop similarly superior VSTM for other categories of objects," Curby added.
Short-term memory is crucial to our impression of a continuous world, serving as temporary storage for information that we are currently using. For example, in order to understand this sentence, your short-term memory will remember the words in the beginning while you read through to the end. VSTM is a component of short-term memory that helps us process and briefly remember images and objects, rather than words and sounds.
VSTM allows us to remember objects for a few seconds, but its capacity is limited. Curby and Gauthier's new research focuses on whether we can store more faces than other objects in VSTM, and the possible mechanisms underlying this advantage.
Study participants studied up to five faces on a screen for varying lengths of time (up to four seconds). A single face was later presented and participants decided if this was a face that was part of the original display. For a comparison, the process was repeated with other objects, like watches or cars.
Curby and Gauthier found that when participants studied the displays for only a brief amount of time (half a second), they could store fewer faces than objects in VSTM. They believe this is because faces are more complex than watches or cars and require more time to be encoded. Surprisingly, when participants were given more time to encode the images (four seconds), an advantage for faces over objects emerged.
The researchers believe that our experience with faces explains this advantage. This theory is supported by the fact that the advantage was only obtained for faces encoded in the upright orientation, with which we are most familiar. Faces that were encoded upside-down showed no advantage over other objects.
We can remember more faces than other objects in our VSTM because______.
听力原文：M: I'm sorry. I didn't plan on being this late.
W: Where did you go？
M: North.
W: We'd like a little more to go on, Mike.
M: Ok, I went to Lake Placid (22) .
W: Lake Placid is over two hundred miles away (22) .
M: Which is the reason why I'm so late. Look, I was at college, and me and a couple of the other guys were hanging out at a coffee house discussing philosophy and junk like that (23) when somebody mentioned that they got the first seasons snow on Lake Placid. So since I didn't have an afternoon class, we decided to…
W: You have sociology on Wednesdays.
M: No. I dropped that class weeks ago.
W: You dropped sociology？ Do you think that now you're in college, you can do whatever you like, come and go whenever you like, no questions asked？
M: Pretty much, yeah.
W: How do you expect to be awake for economics in 5 hours？
M: Mum, I'm not nearly as irresponsible as you think. It just so happens that I dropped that class two weeks ago too (24) . So, anyway…
W: So you dropped two classes, without even telling me？
M: It's not like I'm keeping it from you. I mean hey, college doesn't mind if I drop a class here or there. My writing professor even told me if I didn't care about his class, don't come.
W: That's it. You're grounded.
M: I'm what？
W: Grounded. Remember, grounded？ No dates, no parties, no life (25) .
(26)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.
听力原文：W：You've sold your car．You don't need one？
M：Not really．I've never liked driving anyway．Now that we've moved to a place near the subway entrance， we can get about quite conveniently．
Q：What do we learn from the conversation？
(12)
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