题目内容
The official logo of the Information Awareness Office, the Pentagon's secretive new terrorist-detection experiment, isn't subtle. A picture of the globe, under the watchful gaze of that spooky pyramid on the dollar bill, the one with the all-seeing eye of God at the top underling that, the project's motto: SCIENTIA EST PPOTENTIA (Knowledge Is Power)①.
All in all, not a bad description of the office's lofty—and controversial—ambition. Quietly created after the September 11 attacks, the office's Total Information Awareness project aims to enable federal investigators to engage in a kind of super "data mining"—inventing software to trawl through commercial and government computer databases in search of suspicious patterns that might indicate terror plans②.
The September 11 hijackers, for instance, enrolled in flight schools, rented apartments, used credit cards and bought airline together. The details of all these transactions were routinely stored in various companies' computers. The Feds argue that if they had had the ability to scan the computers that logged the terrorists' movements and purchases, they might have been able to connect the dots between the men.
Yet from the day the research program was launched at the start of the year, it has been the target of intense suspicion, from both right and left. In order to identify possibly conspiratorial behavior. by a few individuals, the computers would have to sift through the personal information of millions of innocent people— without their knowledge or consent. Potentially, the government could keep track of what you buy, whom you call, where you travel--just by tapping into the files that various businesses already keep on you. Advocates insist safeguards will be built into any search system, but critics are not reassured. "Put the pieces together, and you could build a capability to track the city-to-city movements of any citizen," said the ACLU's Katie Corrigan.
The project's PR hasn't been helped by the fact that its leader is retired Navy Adm. John Poindexter, best known for his part in the Iran-contra affair. Poindexter was convicted of lying to Congress about the Regan administration's plan to divert profits from Iranian anus sales to fund the Nicaraguan rebels. His conviction was later overturned, but that doesn't modify those worried about his return to power at the helm of such a sweeping program.
Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld brusquely waved off the criticism. "I would recommend people take a nice deep breath," he said. "Nothing terrible is going to happen." But on Capitol Hill Democrats and some Republicans—including retiring House Majority Leader Dick Armey—are concerned that the project is part of a wider White House strategy of to erode civil liberties in pursuit of security. (A court recently granted the government expanded surveillance power.) They are especially irritated that they knew nothing about the $10 million experiment, since the Pentagon quietly buried it under "technology development" in the Defense bill. Now they're demanding greater scrutiny. Democratic Sen Dianne Feinstein says she wants to freeze the program's funding until Congress can hold hearings. Poindexter may not be able to ignore the rumblings. "He forgot the question you always ask," says one Pentagon official. "How would this look on the front page tomorrow？"
Which of the following statements about the Total Information Awareness project is NOT mentioned in the passage？
查看答案
搜索结果不匹配？点我反馈
更多问题
After several days of isolation on the deserted island, the sailor began to ______ of ever
There are means by which the constitution has been ______ over so long a time to the needs
A Polish proverb claims that fish, to taste right, should swim three times—in water, in butter and in wine. The early efforts of the basic scientists in the food industry were directed at improving preparation, preservation, and distribution of safe and nutritious food. Our memories of certain foodstuffs eaten during the World War II suggest that, although these might have been safe and nutritious, they certainly did not taste right. Nor were they particularly appetizing in appearance or smell. This neglect of the sensory appeal of foods is happily becoming a thing of the past. Now, in the book Principles of Sensory Evaluation of Food, the authors hope that it will be useful to food technologists in industry and also to others engaged in research into problem of sensory evaluation of foods. An attempt has clearly been made to collect every possible piece of in formation that might be useful, more than one thousand five hundred references being quoted. As a result, the book seems at first sight to be an exhaustive and critically useful review of the literature. This it certainly is, but this by no means is its only achievement, for there are many suggestions for further lines of research, and the discursive passages are crisply provocative of new ideas and new ways of looking at established findings①.
Of particular interest is the weight given to the psychological aspects of perception, both objectively and subjectively. The relation between stimuli and perception is well covered, and includes a valuable discussion of the uses and disadvantages of the Weber fraction in evaluation of differences. It is interesting to find that in spite of many attempts to separate and define the modalities of tastes, nothing better has been achieved that the familiar classification into sweet, sour and bitter. Nor is there as yet any clear-cut evidence of the physiological nature of the taste stimulus. With regard to smell, systems of classification are of little value because of the extraordinary sensitivity of the nose and because the response to the stimulus is so subjective. The authors suggested that a classification based on the size, shape and electronic status of the molecule bear the merit for further investigation, as does the theoretical proposition that weak physical binding of the stimulant molecule to the receptor site is a necessary part of the mechanism of stimulation②.
Apart from taste and smell, there are many other components of perception of the sensations from food in the mouth. The basic modalities of pain, cold, warmth and touch, together with vibration sense, discrimination and localization may all play a part, as of course, does auditory reception of bone-conducted vibratory stimuli from the teeth when eating crisp or crunchy foods. In this connection the authors rightly point out that this type of stimulus requires much more investigation, suggesting that a start might be made by using subjects afflicted with various forms of deafness. It is well known that extraneous noise may alter discrimination, and the attention of the authors is directed to the work of Prof H.J. Eysenck on the "stimulus hunger" of extroverts and the "stimulus avoidance" of introverts.
The reviewer uses a Polish proverb at the being of the article in order to ______.
I find it easiest to look forward by looking back to the "Great Labor Migration" of 1948-55, seen at the time as a matter of black guests coming to a white host. It's a quasi-imperial perception that has shifted since the 1970s, but the social problems and deficiencies it engendered dog us still①.
It's highly questionable whether Britain is an open society even now. Against the upward trend in the 1980s of ethnic minorities breaking into the professions and the media must be set objective evidence of a very racist society. Since the Stephen Lawrence affair the government has at least been talking about the existence of racism, but it's always the case that racism diminished in times of prosperity. When the economic going gets tough, people want someone to take their feelings out on.
The social landscape seems to me at a surreal crossroads. Britain fosters images of itself as homogenous, to be white is no longer the central defining feature, but there remain various kinds of "Britishness". So I can envisage the future in two very different ways.
The first is broadly the way Britain is at the moment: a mosaic of communities: Bangladeshi, Afro-Caribbean, Chinese or Jewish holding fast to a strong social identity, but lumbered also with a whole raft of benefits and disadvantages, most of them defined in economic terms. It's possible that will still be the pat tern in 50 years time, but not very likely. Instead, I expected the old duality of a "host community" and "immigrants" whose bad luck it is to be excluded and disadvantaged to have vanished. Some ethnic communities may make a point of survival, but only those who are most proud of their cultural roots.
The alternative is a pick-and-mix social landscape. At the moment ethnic minorities are moving in different directions at different rates, with personal and social engagement across ethnic boundaries increasing all the time. One crude indicator is the level of mix-race marriage: one in five Bangladeshi and Pakistani men born in Britain now has a white with, and one in five babies born in Britain has one Afro-Caribbean and one white parent.
This implies a Britain in which people will construct multiple identities defined by all sorts of factors: class, ethnicity, gender, religion, profession, culture and economic position. It won't be clear-cut. Not all ethnic, minorities, or members of an ethnic minority, will be moving in the same direction of identifying the same issues at the heart of their identities. It's about deciding who you are, but also about how other people define you.
That's what will be at the heart of the next 50 years: enduring communities linked by blood through time versus flexible, constantly shifting identities. Identity won't be about where you have come from; it will be a set of values you can take anywhere that is compatible with full participation in whichever society you live in②.
What does the term "dog" in Line 3, Para. 1 most possibly mean？
微信支付 
支付宝支付