In a study by NIH, mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), parvoviruses, ecto- and endoparasites were reported in 10% to more than ______ of the "specific pathogen free (SPF)" mouse colonies.
A. 20%
B. 30%
C. 40%
D. 50%
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Among non-SPF mice, MHV was present in more than 70% of the reporting institutions, pinworms in about 70%, parvoviruses and ectoparasites in about 40%, and Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus in more than ______.
A. 10%
B. 20%
C. 30%
D. 40%
_______________ animals are generally housed without special precautions to prevent entry of infectious agents. The risk to get infected is higher than for barrier-housed animals, but they are not necessarily infected with many pathogens.
A. Gnotobiotic
B. Conventional
C. Specified pathogen-free (SPF)
D. genetically modified
It is frequently considered less important to monitor for the presence of ___________ agents in conventional animals than in their rederived, barrier-maintained counterparts.
A. aquired
B. wanted
C. unwanted
D. safe
Animal euthanasia is the act of putting an animal to death or allowing it to die by withholding extreme _____________ measures.
A. chemical
B. physical
C. medical
D. biological