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区别过碘酸一雪夫反应阳性结果+和++的红色颗粒数量是
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本地用户组中的 Guests-(来宾用户 ) 组成员可以登录和运行应用程序，也可以关闭操作系统，但是其功能比 Users 有更多的限制。 ()
如果外部环境_______，资源很容易得到，而且不确定性_______，那么员工间_______的沟通是有必要的。
Section B – TWO questions ONLY to be attempted
You are a manager in the audit department of Beech & Co, responsible for the audits of Fir Co, Spruce Co and Pine Co. Each company has a financial year ended 31 July 2011, and the audits of all companies are nearing completion. The following issues have arisen in relation to the audit of accounting estimates and fair values:
(a) Fir Co
Fir Co is a company involved in energy production. It owns several nuclear power stations, which have a remaining estimated useful life of 20 years. Fir Co intends to decommission the power stations at the end of their useful life and the statement of financial position at 31 July 2011 recognises a material provision in respect of decommissioning costs of $97 million (2010 – $110 million). A brief note to the financial statements discloses the opening and closing value of the provision but no other information is provided.
Required: Comment on the matters that should be considered, and explain the audit evidence you should expect to find in your file review in respect of the decommissioning provision. (8 marks)
(b) Spruce Co
Spruce Co is also involved in energy production. It has a trading division which manages a portfolio of complex financial instruments such as derivatives. The portfolio is material to the financial statements. Due to the specialist nature of these financial instruments, an auditor’s expert was engaged to assist in obtaining sufficient appropriate audit evidence relating to the fair value of the financial instruments. The objectivity, capabilities and competence of the expert were confirmed prior to their engagement.
Required:
Explain the procedures that should be performed in evaluating the adequacy of the auditor’s expert’s work. (5 marks)
(c) Pine Co
Pine Co operates a warehousing and distribution service, and owns 120 properties. During the year ended 31 July 2011, management changed its estimate of the useful life of all properties, extending the life on average by 10 years. The financial statements contain a retrospective adjustment, which increases opening non-current assets and equity by a material amount. Information in respect of the change in estimate has not been disclosed in the notes to the financial statements.
Required:
Identify and explain the potential implications for the auditor’s report of the accounting treatment of the change in accounting estimates. (5 marks)
Willow Co is a print supplier to businesses, printing catalogues, leaflets, training manuals and stationery to order. It specialises in using 100% recycled paper in its printing, a fact which is promoted heavily in its advertising.
You are a senior audit manager in Bark & Co, and you have just been placed in charge of the audit of Willow Co. The audit for the year ended 31 August 2011 is nearing completion, and the audit engagement partner, Jasmine Berry, has sent you an email:
Summary of issues for manager’s attention, prepared by audit senior
Materiality has been determined as follows:
$800,000 for assets and liabilities
$250,000 for income and expenses
Issues related to audit work performed:
(i) Audit work on inventory
Audit procedures performed at the inventory count indicated that printed inventory items with a value of $130,000 were potentially obsolete. These items were mainly out of date training manuals. The finance director, Cherry Laurel, has not written off this inventory as she argues that the paper on which the items are printed can be recycled and used again in future printing orders. However, the items appear not to be recyclable as they are coated in plastic. The junior who performed the audit work on inventory has requested a written representation from management to confirm that the items can be recycled and no further procedures relevant to these items have been performed.
(ii) Audit work on provisions
Willow Co is involved in a court case with a competitor, Aspen Co, which alleges that a design used in Willow Co’s printed material copies one of Aspen Co’s designs which are protected under copyright. Our evidence obtained is a verbal confirmation from Willow Co’s lawyers that a claim of $125,000 has been made against Willow Co, which is probable to be paid. Cherry Laurel has not made a provision, arguing that it is immaterial. Cherry refused our request to ask the lawyers to confirm their opinion on the matter in writing, saying it is not worth bothering the lawyers again on such a trivial matter.
(iii) Audit work on current assets
Willow Co made a loan of $6,000 to Cherry Laurel, the finance director, on 30 June 2011. The amount is recognised as a current asset. The loan carries an interest rate of 4% which we have confirmed to be the market rate for short-term loans and we have concluded that the loan is an arm’s length transaction. Cherry has provided written confirmation that she intends to repay the loan by 31 March 2012. The only other audit work performed was to agree the cash payment to the cash book. Details of the loan made to Cherry have not been separately disclosed in the financial statements.
Other issues for your attention:
Property revaluations
Willow Co currently adopts an accounting policy of recognising properties at cost. During the audit of non-current assets Willow Co’s property manager said that the company is considering a change of accounting policy so that properties would be recognised at fair value from 1 January 2012.
Non-current asset register
The audit of non-current assets was delayed by a week. We had asked for the non-current asset register reconciliation to be completed by the client prior to commencement of our audit procedures on non-current assets, but it seems that the person responsible for the reconciliation went on holiday having forgotten to prepare the reconciliation. This happened on last year’s audit as well, and the issue was discussed with the audit committee at that time.
Procurement procedures
We found during our testing of trade payables that an approved supplier list is not maintained, and invoices received are not always matched back to goods received notes. This was mentioned to the procurement manager, who said that suppliers are switched fairly often, depending on which supplier is the cheapest, so it would be difficult to maintain an up-to-date approved supplier list.
Financial controller
Mia Fern, Willow Co’s financial controller, owns a holiday home overseas. It appears that she offered the audit team free use of the holiday home for three weeks after the audit, as a reward for the team’s hard work. She also bought lunch for the audit team on most days.
Required:
Respond to the partner’s email. (23 marks)
Note: the split of the mark allocation is shown within the email.
Professional marks will be awarded for the format and clarity of your answer. (2 marks)
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