Text 4 根据以下资料,回答下列各题。 “The Heart of the Matter,” the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS), deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America. Regrettably, however, the report’s failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good. In 2010, leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent letters to the AAAS asking that it identify actions that could be taken by “federal, state and local governments, universities, foundations, educators, individual benefactors and others” to “maintain national excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship and education.” In response, the American Academy formed the Commission on the Humanities and Social Sciences. Among the commission’s 51 members are top-tier-university presidents, scholars, lawyers, judges, and business executives, as well as prominent figures from diplomacy, filmmaking, music and journalism. The goals identified in the report are generally admirable. Because representative government presupposes an informed citizenry, the report supports full literacy; stresses the study of history and government, particularly American history and American government; and encourages the use of new digital technologies. To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls for increased investment in research, the crafting of coherent curricula that improve students’ ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the 21st century, increased funding for teachers and the encouragement of scholars to bring their learning to bear on the great challenges of the day. The report also advocates greater study of foreign languages, international affairs and the expansion of study abroad programs. Unfortunately, despite 2? years in the making, "The Heart of the Matter" never gets to the heart of the matter: the illiberal nature of liberal education at our leading colleges and universities. The commission ignores that for several decades Americas colleges and universities have produced graduates who don’t know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits. Sadly, the spirit of inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of the humanities and social sciences as vehicles for publicizing “progressive,” or left-liberal propaganda. Today, professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideas—such as free markets and self-reliance—as falling outside the boundaries of routine, and sometimes legitimate, intellectual investigation. The AAAS displays great enthusiasm for liberal education. Yet its report may well set back reform. by obscuring the depth and breadth of the challenge that Congress asked it to illuminate. According to Paragraph 1, what is the author’s attitude toward the AAAS’s report?
A. Critical
B. Appreciative
Contemptuous
D. Tolerant
近年来,美国女性神职人员的数量增加了两倍多,越来越多的女性加入牧师的行列。与此同时,允许妇女担任神职人员的宗教团体的教徒数量却大大减少,而不允许妇女担任神职人员的宗教团体的教徒数量则显著增加。为了减少教徒的流失,宗教团体应当排斥女性神职人员。 以下哪项如果为真,最能支持上述论证?()
A. 调查显示,77%的教徒说他们需要到教会净化心灵,而女性牧师在布道时却只谈社会福利问题
B. 宗教团体的教徒数量多不能说明这种宗教握有真经,所以较大的宗教在刚开始时教徒数量都很少
C. 女性牧师面临的最大压力是神职和家庭的兼顾,有56%的女性牧师说,即使有朋友帮助,也难以消除她们的忧郁情绪
D. 在允许女性担任神职人员的宗教组织中,女性牧师很少独立主持较大的礼拜活动