题目内容

No matter how large or notable(著名的) the U.S. travel industry is or may become, it will always be members of a broader world society. The charge facing all of us is to appropriately engage poverty. Poverty is certainly not new but the means at our disposal to address poverty are improving by the day. Fortunately, the $3.3 trillion world travel industry is uniquely suited to address poverty in regions where it is most entrenched. In the course of making a case for harnessing travel and tourism for poverty reduction, the travel and tourism industry already exists in every region of the globe and is a proven job producer and sustainer of native culture.
That travel and tourism creates good jobs is indisputable. In the U.S., the industrial Age economy is in transition(过渡) to a service economy, and travel and tourism is responsible for one in every seven workers in the U.S. civilian workforce, directly or indirectly. But by no means is this phenomenon limited to the U.S. The World Travel and Tourism Council reports tourism employs almost 200 million people worldwide—1 in every 13 jobs worldwide today.
There are many important differences between building an industrial based economy and one that relies largely on tourism. One of the historical barriers to industrialization has been a shortage of capital to build an industrial infrastructure or a lack of industrial-specific facilities such as deep-water ports. But we don't need to build factories for tourism. Nor do we need the traditional resources of the Industrial Age to build new tourism economies. The essential raw materials for our industry include rich cultures, unique natural environments and willing hosts. And those raw materials exist already in abundance(丰富) in every nation.
Only travel brings us face to face with. people from different cities, different nations, and different outlooks. CNN can take us on a virtual world tour. We can be touched by images we see in the media but it is only when we shake hands with people from other nations and other cultures that we learn how things really are. And despite the many wonders of technology, we only truly touch one another when we travel and embrace one another's culture, stature, and dreams.
From the first paragraph we learn that the travel industry ______.

A. has improved its revenue
B. is financially healthier than ever
C. is going to give money to aid Poverty.
D. is better able to help reduce poverty than ever

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By mentioning "double dipping"(Paragraph 4), the author is talking about

A. awards given to patients by doctors.
B. market share secured by insurers.
C. malpractice reform. bill to be passed.
D. insurance rates-cut in some states.

Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)
When it comes to suing doctors, Philadelphia is hardly the city of brotherly love. A combination of sprightly lawyers and sympathetic juries has made Philadelphia a hotspot for medical-malpractice lawsuits. Since 1995, Pennsylvania state courts have awarded an average of $2m in such cases, according to Jury Verdict Research, a survey firm. Some medical specialists have seen their malpractice insurance premiums nearly double over the past year. Obstetricians are now paying up to $104,000 a year to protect themselves.
The insurance industry is largely to blame. Carol Golin, the Monitor's editor, argues that in the 1990s insurers tried to grab market share by offering artificially low rates (betting that any losses would be covered by gains on their investments). The stock-market correction, coupled with the large legal awards, has eroded the insurers' reserves. Three in Pennsylvania alone have gone bust.
A few doctors—particularly older ones—will quit. The rest are adapting. Some are abandoning litigation-prone procedures, such as delivering babies. Others are moving parts of their practice to neighboring states where insurance rates are lower. Some from Pennsylvania have opened offices in New Jersey. New doctors may also be deterred from setting up shop in litigation havens, however prestigious.
Despite a Republican president, tort reform. has got nowhere at the federal level. Indeed doctors could get clobbered indirectly by a Patients' Bill of Rights, which would further expose managed care companies to lawsuits. This prospect has fuelled interest among doctors in Pennsylvania's new medical malpractice reform. bill, which was signed into law on March 20th. It will, among other things, give doctors $40m of state funds to offset their insurance premiums, spread the payment of awards out over time and prohibit individuals from double-dipping, that is, suing a doctor for damages that have already been paid by their health insurer.
But will it really help? Randall Bovbjerg, a health policy expert at the Urban Institute, argues that the only proper way to slow down the litigation machine would be to limit the compensation for pain and suffering, so-called "non-monetary damages". Needless to say, a fixed cap on such awards is resisted by most trial lawyers. But Mr. Bovbjerg reckons a more nuanced approach, with a sliding scale of payments based on well-defined measures of injury, is a better way forward. In the meantime, doctors and insurers are bracing themselves for a couple more rough years before the insurance cycle turns.
Nobody disputes that hospital staff make mistakes: a 1999 Institute of Medicine report claimed that errors kill at least 44,000 patients a year. But there is little evidence that malpractice lawsuits on their own will solve the problem.
It is implied in the first sentence that doctors in Philadelphia

A. are over-confident of their social connections in daily life.
B. benefit a lot from their malpractice insurance premiums.
C. are more likely to be sued for their medical-malpractice.
D. pay less than is required by law to protect themselves.

Which of the following is not part of the "anti-sprawl movement" as planned by governor Roy Barnes?

A. The construction of a commuter rail link.
B. His success in re-election in November.
C. The initiation of shuttle bus transit.
D. The allocation of money to widen roads.

It seems that the author is very critical of

A. litigation-prone areas.
B. the insurance premium.
C. irresponsible hospital staff.
D. the insurance industry.

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