题目内容
(四) 某道路工程项目，施工总承包单位项目经理部根据该工程作业内容、土质条件、运距和气象条件，综合分析相关工程和设备的情况，对本工程的施工机械进行了选择和协调。具体施工中的部分工程施工机械的配置如下： (1)对于清基和料场准备等路基施工前的准备工作，选择的施工机械与设备主要有铲运机、装载机、自卸汽车和平地机； (2)对于石方开挖工程，选择的机械与设备主要有推土机、铲运机、挖掘机、凿岩机和自卸汽车； (3)对于石方填筑工程，选择的机械与设备主要有平地机、推土机、洒水车和挖掘机。 问题： 常用的推土机有哪几种类型
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An epidemic of swine flu (猪流感) has recently developed in Mexico and the United States, says the CDC. Swine flu has killed many people, and the outbreak has features that suggest it could become a global pandemic (瘟疫). A pandemic is an epidemic that spreads around the whole world. Pandemics also often cause more severe disease than epidemics. Flu is a disease caused by the influenza virus. Humans, pigs, birds and other animals all can be infected by influenza viruses. Typically, influenza viruses can infect only one species, so the influenza viruses of humans are different from those of pigs and birds. However, sometimes a virus can infect more than one species. For examples, pigs sometimes can be infected not only with pig influenza viruses, but also with human and bird influenza viruses. Then these viruses can come up to one another secretly and swap (交换) genes, creating new viruses that have a mix of genes -- from human, pig, and bird viruses. That is what has happened with this new swine flu virus. Sometimes this swapping of genes allows a virus that was originally able to infect only pigs or only birds to also infect humans. When that happens, we refer to the illness as "swine flu" or "bird flu". This current virus could actually be called "swine/bird flu", since it has some genes from pig flu viruses and other genes from bird flu viruses. Most viruses that cause swine flu or bird flu are very hard to pass from one human to another: they don’t cause epidemics. Sometimes, however, further changes in genes create a virus that can spread rapidly among humans, and can produce a more severe illness. One reason this illness is more severe is that the virus is so new. The regular flu that comes each year is caused by a regular human influenza virus that often has similarities to the viruses that have caused the flu in years past, so people have some degree of immunity to the latest virus. The unusual swine flu or bird flu viruses that develop the ability for person-to-person spread are so different that people have little or no immunity to them. The worst global pandemic in modem times was the influenza pandemic of 1918 to 1919. It affected about a third of the human race, and killed at least 40 million people in less than a year -- more than those who have been killed by AIDS in three decades. The world economy went into a deep recession. The average length of life dropped for 10 years. Unfortunately, the new swine flu virus can be transmitted between humans. It is not clear yet how easily it is transmitted, nor how it is transmitted. Almost surely it is transmitted by sneezing and coughing, and by skin-to-skin contact with an infected person. The influenza pandemic of 1918 to 1919 ______.
Passage Two Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.
Sugarless yoghurt (酸奶) could help beat bad breath, tooth decay and gum disease, say scientists. Japanese researchers found eating the yoghurt (62) levels of hydrogen sulphide (硫化氢) -- a major (63) of bad breath -- in 80% of volunteers. The (64) are active bacteria in yoghurt. Details were (65) at a meeting of the International Association for Dental Research. A(n) (66) of 24 volunteers who participated in the study were given strict instructions (67) oral health, diet and medicine taking. They spent two weeks (68) yoghurts and similar foods, like cheese. Researchers then (39) bacteria levels and odor-causing compounds, (70) hydrogen-sulphide. The volunteers then ate 90 grams of yoghurt a day for six weeks. At the end of the study, researchers took (71) again. They found hydrogen sulphide levels (72) in 80% of participants. Dr. Nigel Carter, chief executive of the British Dental Health Foundation, said, "The foundation has long been (73) people’s attention to sugar-free yoghurts as a healthy snack, so it is pleasing to hear that it may have oral health benefits we were previously (74) of." "Although this research is still in the early stages there is no (75) that sugar-free yoghurts provide a much healthier (76) to sweets and chocolate, and we would encourage snackers to (77) them into their diet." (78) , Dr. Carter stressed that the best way to beat bad breath was by (79) a good oral health routine. This involves brushing twice-a-day with fluoride (氟化物) toothpaste, cutting (80) on the frequency of sugary snacks and drinks and visiting a dentist (81) .
An epidemic of swine flu (猪流感) has recently developed in Mexico and the United States, says the CDC. Swine flu has killed many people, and the outbreak has features that suggest it could become a global pandemic (瘟疫). A pandemic is an epidemic that spreads around the whole world. Pandemics also often cause more severe disease than epidemics. Flu is a disease caused by the influenza virus. Humans, pigs, birds and other animals all can be infected by influenza viruses. Typically, influenza viruses can infect only one species, so the influenza viruses of humans are different from those of pigs and birds. However, sometimes a virus can infect more than one species. For examples, pigs sometimes can be infected not only with pig influenza viruses, but also with human and bird influenza viruses. Then these viruses can come up to one another secretly and swap (交换) genes, creating new viruses that have a mix of genes -- from human, pig, and bird viruses. That is what has happened with this new swine flu virus. Sometimes this swapping of genes allows a virus that was originally able to infect only pigs or only birds to also infect humans. When that happens, we refer to the illness as "swine flu" or "bird flu". This current virus could actually be called "swine/bird flu", since it has some genes from pig flu viruses and other genes from bird flu viruses. Most viruses that cause swine flu or bird flu are very hard to pass from one human to another: they don’t cause epidemics. Sometimes, however, further changes in genes create a virus that can spread rapidly among humans, and can produce a more severe illness. One reason this illness is more severe is that the virus is so new. The regular flu that comes each year is caused by a regular human influenza virus that often has similarities to the viruses that have caused the flu in years past, so people have some degree of immunity to the latest virus. The unusual swine flu or bird flu viruses that develop the ability for person-to-person spread are so different that people have little or no immunity to them. The worst global pandemic in modem times was the influenza pandemic of 1918 to 1919. It affected about a third of the human race, and killed at least 40 million people in less than a year -- more than those who have been killed by AIDS in three decades. The world economy went into a deep recession. The average length of life dropped for 10 years. Unfortunately, the new swine flu virus can be transmitted between humans. It is not clear yet how easily it is transmitted, nor how it is transmitted. Almost surely it is transmitted by sneezing and coughing, and by skin-to-skin contact with an infected person. The current swine flu threatens the humans more severely than previous flus because ______.
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