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Can Loud Music Cause Hearing Impairment （损伤）？
Have You ever gone to a concert and realized that your seats were right next to the booming speakers？ Are you guilty 51 turning up the volume on your portable cassette or CD player to drown out the whining （哭哭啼啼） of your little brother？ Sometimes it"s difficult to avoid loud music or noises， but they can be bad news because loud noises can 52 temporary or permanent hearing loss.
Extremely loud music and noises that go on for long periods of 53 are common causes of deafness. If a noise is so loud that you have to shout to make yourself 54 ， there is a 55 that the mechanism inside your ear can be injured. Temporary hearing loss can happen after you"ve been 56 to loud noise for only 15 minutes. If you have temporary hearing loss， you won"t be able to hear as 57
as you normally can， and you may have tinnitus （耳鸣）， which is a fancy word for ringing in the ears. Your ears call feel "full"， too. 58 these things usually go away and your hearing soon returns to normal.
Permanent hearing loss can happen when someone is exposed to loud noise 59 and over.
Construction workers and people who work in factories must 60 ear protectors because the equipment they use can be extremely loud. But even some lawn mowers （割草机） and power tools can permanently 61 a person"s ability to hear high-pitched noises and can also give him permanent tinnitus. Listening to extremely loud music over and over call also have the same effect on a person"s 62 . And using headphones on a portable cassette or CD player can be dangerous 63 if the volume is too high and the headphones are used a lot， the noise can damage the ears.
The best way to avoid hearing loss is to wear eat protectors when working with machinery and earplugs when going to a 64 . Headphones are OK to wear when you"re listening to music; just be sure the volume isn"t too high， and give them a rest. 65__ in a while.
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The Dangers of Secondhand Smoke
Most people know that cigarette smoking is harmful to their health. Scientific research shows that it causes many kinds of diseases. In fact， many people who smoke get lung cancel. However，Edward Gilson has lung cancer， and he has never smoked cigarettes. He lives with his wife， Evelyn，who has smoked about a pack of cigarettes a day throughout their marriage. 46
No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer. Nevertheless， doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke， from other people"s cigarettes. 47 The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53，000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.
The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals. In the past， scientists did not think that these chemicals could harm a nonsmoker"s health. 48 They discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic （有毒的） chemicals in their bodies. As a matter of fact， almost all of US breathe tobacco smoke at times， whether we realize it or not. For example， we cannot avoid secondhand smoke in restaurants， hotels and other public places. Even though many public places have nonsmoking areas， smoke flows in from the areas where smoking is permitted. It is even harder for children to avoid secondhand smoke.
49 Research shows that children who are exposed to secondhand smoke are sick more often than children who live in homes where no one smokes and that the children of smokers are more than twice as likely to develop lung cancer when they are adults as are children of nonsmokers. The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke.
People are becoming very aware of the dangers of secondhand smoke. 50__
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A. Recently， though， scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers.
B. The Gilsons have been married for 35 years.
C. This smoke is called secondhand smoke.
D. However， secondhand smoke is dangerous to all people， old or young.
E. As a result， they have passed laws which prohibit people from smoking in many public places.
F. In the United States， nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.

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