题目内容
At the end of the last paragraph the author uses humorous exaggeration in order to ______.
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Some analysts see the gulf between the rich and the rest as an incentive for strivers, or as just the way things are. Others see it as having a corrosive effect on people's faith in the markets and democracy. Still others contend that economic polarization is a root cause of America's political polarization. Could, and should, something be done？
Claudia Goldin and Lawrence F. Katz, two Harvard economists, think yes. Their book, the Race Between Education and Technology (Harvard, $ 39.95), contain many tables, a few equations and a powerfully told story about how and why the United States became the world's richest nation--namely, thanks to its schools.
The authors skillfully demonstrate that for more than a century, and at a steady rate, technological breakthroughs--the mass production system, electricity, computers--have been increasing the demand for ever more educated workers. And, they show, America's school system met this demand, not with a national policy, but in grassroots fashion, as communities taxed themselves and built schools and colleges.
If only it were that easy.
The authors' argument is really two books in one. One offers an incisive history of American education, especially the spread of the public high school and the state university system. It proves to be an uplifting tale of public commitment and open access. The authors remind us that the United States long remained "the best poor man's country". A place where talent could rise.
The other story rigorously measures the impact of education on income. The authors' compilation of hard data on educational attainment according to when people were bona is an awesome achievement, though not always a gripping read.
They show that by the 1850s, America's school enrollment rate already "exceeded that of any other nation". And this lead held for a long time. By 1960, some 70 percent of Americans graduated from high school--far above the rate in any other country. College graduation rates also rose.
In the marketplace, such educational attainment was extremely valuable, but it didn't produce wide economic disparity so long as more people were coming to the job market with education. The Wage premium-- or differential paid to people with a high school or a college education--fell between 1915 and 1950.
But more recently, high school graduation rates flatlined at around 70 percent. American college attendance roses, though college graduation rates languished. The upshot is that while the average college graduates in 1970 earned 45 percent more than high school graduates, the differential three decades later exceeds 80 percent.
"In the first half of the century," the authors summarize, "education raced of technology, but later in the century technology raced ahead of educational gains."
Proving that the demand for and supply of educated workers began not in the time of Bill Gates but in the era of Thomas Edison is virtuoso social science. But wasn't a slowdown in rising educational attainment unavoidable？ After all, it's one thing to increase the average years of schooling by leaps and bounds when most people start near zero, but quite another when national average is already high.
The authors reject the idea that the United States has reached some natural limit in educational advances. Other countries are now at higher levels.
What, then, is holding American youth back？
The authors give a two-part answer. For one thing, the financial aid system is a maze. More important, many people with high school diplomas are not ready for college.
The second problem, the authors write, is concen
The millions of calculations involved, ______ by hand, would have lost all practical value
Compared with China, plastic surgery history is a more 【C7】______ discussed matter in South Korea. Many actors and actresses don't treat it as a taboo and 【C8】______ admit that they have had it. One example is actress Char Rim (Cai Lin) who said that she 【C9】______ a nose enhancing job after graduating from school. Doctor Tian Yongcheng, a plastic surgeon well-known in celebrity circles, said: "Many South Korean stars who 【C10】______ having operations actually mean to 【C11】______ the beauty industry. They're doing something 【C12】______ to attract more customers from abroad."in Hollywood, cosmetic surgery is still kept a hit secret, 【C13】______ the evidence is everywhere. One of the most recent actresses to come 【C14】______ the microscope was 42- year-old Teri Hatcher, a single-mom heart throb on the US TV show Desperate Housewives. In February, Hatcher denied using cosmetic surgery 【C15】______ a barrage of Internet reports said she had had it. Shows like Desperate House- wives and Sex and the City 【C16】______ have created more 【C17】______ for actresses in their 30s and 40s. In these shows, middle-aged women look 【C18】______ , perhaps, in some 【C19】______ , with the help of a few cosmetic 【C20】______
【C1】
听力原文： The leading all-time run scorer in test cricket, the West Indies Captain Brian Lara has played his last ever international match. Lara, who announced his retirement from a game on Thursday, was run out for 18 in his final World Cup Super 8 match against England in Barbados. He received a massive ovation from a packed stadium and a "guard of honor" by both teams. The game itself ended with a narrow win for England by one wicket in the final over.
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