题目内容

Railroads justify rate discrimination against captive shippers on the grounds that in the long run it reduces everyone’s cost. If railroads charged all customers the same average rate, they argue, shippers who have other forms of transportation would do so, leaving remainingcustomers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line. It’s a theory to which many economists subscribe, but in practice it often leaves railroads in the position of determining which companies will flourish and which will fail. “Do we really want railroads to be the arbiters of who wins and who loses in the marketplace?” asks Martin Bercovici, a Washington lawyer who frequently represents shippers.The word “arbiters” most probably refers to those ____.

A. who work as coordinators
B. who function as judges
C. who supervise transactions
D. who determine the price

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Underwriters Laboratories issued a report last week that found 48% of consumers “feel high-tech manufacturers bring new products to market faster than people need themThere are two possible explanations. The first, obvious one is that the pace of innovation(创新)is too fast for consumers. The second, less obvious one is that, in fact, innovation is too slow. That is, the new offerings companies are pushing out the door every six months or so are me-too products or ones with just a couple of new features.(2012-12-cet4)What does the author mean by “me-too products”?

A. Products with no substantial difference.
B. Products tailored to individual users.
C. Products everyone is eager to possess.
D. Products companies compete to make.

应用双盲法行临床试验可以减少

A. 选择偏倚
B. 信息偏倚
C. 入院率偏倚
D. 混杂偏倚

随机对照实验不具备的特征是

A. 设立了对照组
B. 人为地给予实验组以干预措施
C. 运用RR进行分析
D. 实验中运用盲法

现有新型流感疫苗,为了评价其免疫效果你准备选择的观察人群

A. 抗体水平高的人群
B. 交通不发达的山区人群
C. 预测发病率低的人群
D. 预测发病率高的人群

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