In the last 500 years, nothing about people---not their clothes, ideas, or languages---has changed as much as what they eat. The original chocolate drink was made form the seeds of the cocoa tree by South American Indians. The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500’s. And although it was very expensive, it quickly became fashionable. In London shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today.The potato is also from the New World. Around 1600, the Spanish brought it fromPeruto Europe, where it soon was widely grown.Irelandbecame so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the “Potato Famine” of 1845-6, and thousands more were forced to immigrate toAmerica.There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction.Brazilis now the world’s largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop inColombiaand other South American countries. But it is native toEthiopia. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400’s.According to an Arabic legend, coffee was discovered when a goatherd named Kaldi noticed that his goats were attracted to the red berries on a coffee bush. He tried one and experienced the “wide-awake” feeling that one-third of the world’s population now starts the day with.According to the passage, 1 has changed the most in the last 500 years.In London, some 2 still exist today.Irish people starved during the “Potato Famine” because they were 3 .Coffee originally came from 4 .According to an Arabic legend, 5 discovered coffee.
男,64岁。拟行胃癌根治术,平素吸烟 20支/天。查体:T 37.59℃, P 90次/分,BP 155/95mmHg。血清 K+ 3. 0mmol/L, Alb 35g/L。正确的术前准备是:
A. 静脉补充人血清蛋白
B. 口服肠道抗生素
C. 术前3天戒烟
D. 补钾
E. 降低血压至正常