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Low levels of literacy and numeracy have a damaging impact on almost every aspect of adults, according to a survey published yesterday, which offers (1)_____ of a developing underclass. Tests and (2)_____ with hundreds of people born in a week in 1958 graphically illustrated file (3)_____ of educational underachievement. The effects can be seen in unemployment, family (4)_____, low incomes, depression and social inactivity. Those who left school at 16 with poor basic skills had been employed for UP to four years less than good readers (5)_____ they reached 37. Professor John Bynner, of City University, who carried the research, said that today"s (6)_____ teenagers would even encounter greater problems because the supply of (7)_____ jobs had shrunk. Almost one fifth of the 1,700 people interviewed for yesterday"s report had poor literacy and almost half (8)_____ with innumeracy, a proportion (9)_____ other surveys for the Basic Skills Agency. Some could not read a child"s book, and most found difficult (10)_____ written instruction. Poor readers were twice as likely to be a low wage and four times likely to live in a household where partners worked. Women in this (11)_____ were five times as likely to be (12)_____ depressed, (13)_____ both tended to feel they had no control over their lives, and to trust others (14)_____. Those who had low literacy and numeracy were seldom (15)_____ in any community organization and less likely than others to (16)_____ in a general election. There had been no (17)_____ in the literary level of (18)_____. Alan Wells, the agency"s director, said: "The results emphasize the dangers of developing an underclass people, who were out of work, (19)_____ depressed and often labeled themselves as (20)_____. There is a circle of marginalization, with the dice against these people and their families."

A. struggled
B. faced
C. encountered
D. confronted

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Low levels of literacy and numeracy have a damaging impact on almost every aspect of adults, according to a survey published yesterday, which offers (1)_____ of a developing underclass. Tests and (2)_____ with hundreds of people born in a week in 1958 graphically illustrated file (3)_____ of educational underachievement. The effects can be seen in unemployment, family (4)_____, low incomes, depression and social inactivity. Those who left school at 16 with poor basic skills had been employed for UP to four years less than good readers (5)_____ they reached 37. Professor John Bynner, of City University, who carried the research, said that today"s (6)_____ teenagers would even encounter greater problems because the supply of (7)_____ jobs had shrunk. Almost one fifth of the 1,700 people interviewed for yesterday"s report had poor literacy and almost half (8)_____ with innumeracy, a proportion (9)_____ other surveys for the Basic Skills Agency. Some could not read a child"s book, and most found difficult (10)_____ written instruction. Poor readers were twice as likely to be a low wage and four times likely to live in a household where partners worked. Women in this (11)_____ were five times as likely to be (12)_____ depressed, (13)_____ both tended to feel they had no control over their lives, and to trust others (14)_____. Those who had low literacy and numeracy were seldom (15)_____ in any community organization and less likely than others to (16)_____ in a general election. There had been no (17)_____ in the literary level of (18)_____. Alan Wells, the agency"s director, said: "The results emphasize the dangers of developing an underclass people, who were out of work, (19)_____ depressed and often labeled themselves as (20)_____. There is a circle of marginalization, with the dice against these people and their families."

A. illiterate
B. suffering
C. poor
D. unqualified

The mythology of a culture can provide some vital insights into the beliefs and values of that culture. By using fantastic and sometimes incredible stories to create an oral tradition by which to explain the wonders of the natural world and teach lessons to younger generations, a society exposes those ideas and concepts held most important. Just as important as the final lesson to be gathered from the stories, however, are the characters and the roles they play in conveying that message. Perhaps the epitome of mythology and its use as a tool to pass on cultural values can be found in Aesop"s Fables, told and retold during the era of the Greek Empire. Aesop, a slave who won the favor of the court through his imaginative and descriptive tales, almost exclusively used animals to fill the roles in his short stories. Humans, when at all present, almost always played the part of bumbling fools struggling to learn the lesson being presented. This choice of characterization allows us to see that the Greeks placed wisdom on a level slightly beyond humans, implying that deep wisdom and understanding is a universal quality sought by, rather than stealing from, human beings. Aesop"s fables illustrated the central themes of humility and self-reliance, reflecting the importance of those traits in early Greek society. The folly of humans was used to contrast against the ultimate goal of attaining a higher level of understanding and awareness of truths about nature and humanity. For example, one notable fable features a fox repeatedly trying to reach a bunch of grapes on a very high vine. After failing at several attempts, the fox gives up, making up its mind that the grapes were probably sour anyway. The fable"s lesson, that we often play down that which we can"t achieve so as to make ourselves feel better, teaches the reader or listener in an entertaining way about one of the weaknesses of the human psyche. The mythology of other cultures and societies reveal the underlying traits of their respective cultures just as Aesop"s fables did. The stories of Roman gods, Aztec ghosts and European elves all served to train ancient generations those lessons considered most important to their community, and today they offer a powerful looking glass by which to evaluate and consider the contextual environment in which those culture existed. This text tells us that

Aesop"s fables provide a valuable glimpse into early Greek thoughts and beliefs.
B. study of an ancient culture"s mythology is the most reliable way to study its value system.
C. culture study on a society would be only partial without a thorough examination of its mythology.
D. one can learn a culture"s underlying beliefs through studying its mythological tradition.

Low levels of literacy and numeracy have a damaging impact on almost every aspect of adults, according to a survey published yesterday, which offers (1)_____ of a developing underclass. Tests and (2)_____ with hundreds of people born in a week in 1958 graphically illustrated file (3)_____ of educational underachievement. The effects can be seen in unemployment, family (4)_____, low incomes, depression and social inactivity. Those who left school at 16 with poor basic skills had been employed for UP to four years less than good readers (5)_____ they reached 37. Professor John Bynner, of City University, who carried the research, said that today"s (6)_____ teenagers would even encounter greater problems because the supply of (7)_____ jobs had shrunk. Almost one fifth of the 1,700 people interviewed for yesterday"s report had poor literacy and almost half (8)_____ with innumeracy, a proportion (9)_____ other surveys for the Basic Skills Agency. Some could not read a child"s book, and most found difficult (10)_____ written instruction. Poor readers were twice as likely to be a low wage and four times likely to live in a household where partners worked. Women in this (11)_____ were five times as likely to be (12)_____ depressed, (13)_____ both tended to feel they had no control over their lives, and to trust others (14)_____. Those who had low literacy and numeracy were seldom (15)_____ in any community organization and less likely than others to (16)_____ in a general election. There had been no (17)_____ in the literary level of (18)_____. Alan Wells, the agency"s director, said: "The results emphasize the dangers of developing an underclass people, who were out of work, (19)_____ depressed and often labeled themselves as (20)_____. There is a circle of marginalization, with the dice against these people and their families."

A. the time
B. the instant
C. the moment
D. the point

中央银行的负债是指( )。

A. 由政府和个人持有的中央银行的债权
B. 由政府和社会各集团持有的中央银行的债权
C. 由社会各集团、家庭个人所持有的中央银行的债权
D. 由社会各集团、家庭个人所持有的对中央银行的债权

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