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【B20】
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Heart Attack
Throughout the United States, and especially in big cities and rural areas, tens of thousands of people with hearts that should be good(51)to keep them alive die each year for lack of adequate first aid. In New York City, for example, a new study has shown that only one person in 100 outside of hospitals(52)after the heart suddenly stops pumping (怦怦跳动). In contrast, in Seattle, the survival(53)after such heart attacks is one in five.
"The difference can be traced(54)the effectiveness of the 'chain of survival'", Dr. Joseph P. Ornato said. "Each link in the(55)must be strong enough for many lives to be(56)".
The chain begins with an immediate telephone(57)for emergency help and the start within four minutes of the process needed for restarting the(58)working, by a family member or bystander (旁观者). It continues with the prompt arrival--within eight(59)ten minutes of a rescuer equipped with a 'special instrument that can shock the heart back to a normal rhythm. And it ends with the administration (给予，实施) of advanced (先进的) emergency care by nurses to maintain the heart's ability to survive until the doctors at the hospitals can take(60). When one or more links in this chain fail or function too slowly, the(61)of a victim surviving heart attack falls rapidly. Because of widespread weaknesses in the chain of(62), experts in emergency heart care estimate that 20,000 to 80,000 people(63)needlessly of heart attack each year, a number comparable to the 55,000 killed annually in automobile(64).
One expert says, "Sending an emergency vehicle to a heart attack victim(65)the special equipment is like having policemen with guns but no bullets. They may put on a good show, but they lack the weapon needed to get the job done."
Normally rice contains Vitamin
The U.S. govermnent helps the homeless by ______.
The homeless population represents all of us Americans. It includes men and women, the elderly, children, and infants. Its members are from all ethnic(种族的) groups. What they have in common is poverty.
Currently in the U.S., thirty-nine million people live in poverty. When money is really tight, paying the rent or buying food often becomes a choice. Government assistance in the form. of food stamps does help but, as one homeless man explains, you can't pay the rent with food stamps.
With no money for rent, the streets and homeless shelters become the alternative. Although men constitute the largest group within the homeless population, homeless women with children are rapidly joining them. In fact, one quarter of the homeless people in the U.S. are teenagers and young children.
People may become homeless for numerous reasons. However, there are certain factors that many of these individuals have in common. They include a lack of adequate education and job skills. A majority of the teenagers and adults have not completed high school.
The abuse of alcohol and drugs is also a common factor One third of the adult homeless population abuses alcohol, while one quarter of the same group uses drugs.
Some members of this population suffer mental health problems. Within the past several years many institutions for the mentally ill have been closed and their patients sent "home". Unfortunately, a number of those people have no home to go to and they are unable to adequately look after themselves.
Job loss in today's economy has also become a real factor in the loss of people's homes. The breakup of families through abandonment and divorce are also contributing factors, particularly when there are children involved. The parent who is left to care for the kids with inadequate income may be forced to depend on the homeless shelters to put a roof over their heads.
The writer thinks that the U.S. government's definition of the homeless reveals ______.
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