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Estee Lauder Died
1 The child of Central European immigrants who created an international cosmetics (化妆品)empire and became one of the most influential women in US, died on Saturday. Estee Lauder died at her home in Manhattan, New York City, a company spokeswoman said. She was 97.
2 Born in Queens, New York in 1908, Lauder was the daughter of a Hungarian mother and a Czech father.
3 Lauder began her business career by selling skincare products developed by her uncle John Schotz, a chemist, to beauty salons (美容院) and hotels. In 1930, she married Joseph Lauder who became her partner. The company, which became known as Estee Lauder, took off after World War II.
4 In 1953, the company introduced its first perfume (香水), Youth Dew, the first of a range of fragrances that has now grown to more than 70. They include: Aramis, a line of products forb men, launched in 1964; and Clinique, a range of odourless (无臭的) cosmetics, which followed in 1968.
5 By the time she retired in 1995, Lauder was presiding over a multibillion-dollar enterprise,which now ranks number 349 in the Fortune 500 list of largest US companies. In 1998, she was the only woman to feature in Time magazine&39;s selection of the 20 most important business geniuses of the last century. There were two secrets to her success: her gift for selling things and her tireless energy and determination never to accept second best.
6 Even after her retirement at the age of 89, Lauder remained closely involved. Beauty, Lauder believed, was the most important thing in life.
7 She wrote in her 1985 autobiography, "Estee, a Success Story" : "In a perfect world, we&39;d all be judged on the sweetness of our souls. But in our less than perfect world, the woman who looks pretty has a distinct advantage and, usually, the last word. "
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Whether an HIV-infected patient agrees to other （not his） medical workers‘ sharing the information about his HIV status is one of the rights given by the constitution. 查看材料
Medical workers of an institution cannot freely provide their HTV-patients‘ information to those of other institutions. 查看材料
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Privacy Worry May Keep HIV Patients from Therapy
Patients infected with HIV are often concerned about the confidentiality of their HIV-positive status. In fact, some patients are so worried that they will actually give up treatment to prevent the release of this information, according to a report published in the August issue of AIDS Care.
Dr. Kathryn Whetten-Goldstein and colleagues from Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, studied the confidentiality issues of 15 HIV-infected patients from rural North Carolina locations. They were divided into groups designed to explore their attitudes toward, and experiences with, breaches in confidentiality.
"The fear of a breach in confidentiality is definitely affecting the care that HIV-infected patients receive," Whetten-Goldstein said. "Most studied patients had experienced or knew someone who had experienced a breach in confidentiality."
"Two types of breaches occurred, " Whetten-Goldstein noted. "The first was a more obvious type of breach. One example was a nurse who told her child that her patient was HIV-positive out of concern that her child would play with the patient&39;s child."
"The other type of breach was more subtle, one that providers might not consider breaches, " Whetten-Goldstein explained. "This type of breach involves providers talking about a patient&39;s HIV status without the patient&39;s knowledge of the interaction."
"The law allows the sharing of information between providers within the same institution, but patient&39;s consent must be obtained before providers at different institutions can share information,"she pointed out.
"Patients in the study wanted providers to tell them when they are going to share information with other providers and why it is being done," Whetten-Goldstein said. "They also felt that providers should be punished when a breach occurs."
"However, because patients are often reluctant to seek legal action which may further expose their status, they felt that the system should regulate itself," she added.
All patients in the study refuse to receive any treatment because of the possibility to expose their HIV status. 查看材料
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