Suppose that electricity producers create a negative externality equal to $5 per unit. Further suppose that the government imposes a $5 per-unit tax on the producers. What is the relationship between the after-tax equilibrium quantity and the socially optimal quantity of electricity to be produced?
A. They are equal.
B. The after-tax equilibrium quantity is greater than the socially optimal quantity.
C. The after-tax equilibrium quantity is less than the socially optimal quantity.
D. There is not enough information to answer the question.
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Barking dogs cannot be considered an externality because externalities must be associated with some form of market exchange.
A. 对
B. 错
Research into new technologies conveys neither negative externalities nor positive externalities.
A. 对
B. 错
When firms internalize a negative externality, the market supply curve shifts to the left.
A. 对
B. 错
Negative externalities lead markets to produce a smaller quantity of a good than is socially desirable, while positive externalities lead markets to produce a larger quantity of a good than is socially desirable.
A. 对
B. 错