题目内容
The animals selected for a procedure should be of an appropriate species and quality and the maximum number required to obtain valid results. Methods such as mathematical models, computer simulation, and in vitro biological systems should be considered.
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Animals must be provided water, food, proper handling, health care, and an environment appropriate to their care and use, with thoughtful consideration for their species-typical biology and behavior.
Animals shall be treated with respect and dignity throughout their lives and, when necessary, provided a slow death.
Refinement and reduction (2Rs) in animal research are independent of each other; hence understanding of their interplay and relationship is not crucial.
In 2016,820,812 animals were used for research purpose in the US. The numbers of common animal spieces for research are:
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