Which of the following terms are significantly associated with neuroethics?
A. neurocriminology
B. neurogaming
C. neurogenetics
D. braindeath
Which of the following terms are significantly associated with neuroethics?
A. neuroprothetic
B. neuromarketing&neuroeconomics
C. brainbank
D. artificialintelligence
Which of the following terms are significantly associated with neuroethics?
A. memorydampening
B. brainimplant
C. brainintervention
D. disorderofconsciousness
Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutbrainimagingarecorrect?
A. Oneofthemostwidelydiscussednewapplicationsofimagingisbasedoncorrelationsbetweenbrainactivity&intentionaldeception.Intentionaldeceptioncanbethoughtofinthecontextofaliedetector.Thismeansthatscientistsusebrainimagingtolookatcertainpartsofthebrainduringmomentswhenapersonisbeingdeceptive.
B. AnumberofdifferentresearchgroupshaveidentifiedfMRIcorrelatesofintentionaldeceptioninlaboratorytasks,&despitetheskepticismofmanyexperts,thetechniquehasalreadybeencommercialized.Amorefeasibleapplicationofbrainimagingis"neuromarketing",wherebypeople'sconsciousorunconsciousreactiontocertainproductscanpurportedlybemeasured.
C. Brainimagingcorrelatesofmyriadpsychologicaltraits,includingpersonality,intelligence,mentalhealthvulnerabilities,attitudestowardparticularethnicgroups,&predilectionforviolentcrime.Unconsciousracialattitudesmaybemanifestinbrainactivation.Thesecapabilitiesofbrainimaging,actualandpotential,raiseanumberofethicalissues.Themostobviousconcerninvolvesprivacy.e.g.,employers,marketers,&thegovernmentallhaveastronginterestinknowingtheabilities,personality,truthfulnessandothermentalcontentsofcertainpeople.Thisraisesthequestionofwhether,when,&howtoensuretheprivacyofourownminds.
D. Anotherethicalproblemisthatbrainscansareoftenviewedasmoreaccurate&objectivethaninfacttheyare.Manylayersofsignalprocessing,statisticalanalysis&interpretationseparateimagedbrainactivityfromthepsychologicaltraits&statesinferredfromit.Thereisadangerthatthepublic(includingjudges&juries,employers,insurers,etc.)willignorethesecomplexities&treatbrainimagesasakindofindisputabletruth.Arelatedmisconceptioniscalledneuro-realism:Initssimplestform,thislineofthoughtsaysthatsomethingisrealbecauseitcanbemeasuredwithelectronicequipment.Apersonwhoclaimstohavepain,orlowlibido,orunpleasantemotionsis"really"sickifthesesymptomsaresupportedbyabrainscan,andhealthyornormalifcorrelatescannotbefoundinabrainscan.Thecaseofphantomlimbsdemonstratetheinadequacyofthisapproach.
微信支付 
支付宝支付