题目内容

阅读鲁迅《拿来主义》中的一段文字。
所以我们要运用脑髓,放出眼光,自己来拿!
譬如罢,我们之中的一个穷青年,因为祖上的阴功(姑且让我这么说罢),得了一所大宅子,且不问他是骗来的,抢来的,或合法继承的,或是做了女婿换来的。那么,怎么办呢?我想,首先是不管三七二十一,“拿来”!但是,如果反对这宅子的旧主人,怕给他的东西染污了,徘徊不敢走进门,是孱头;勃然大怒,放一把火烧光,算是保存自己的清白,则是昏蛋。不过因为原是羡慕这宅子的旧主人的,而这回接受一切,欣欣然的蹩进卧室,大吸剩下的鸦片,那当然更是废物。“拿来主义”者是全不这样的。
他占有,挑选。看见鱼翅,并不就抛在路上以显其“平民化”,只要有养料,也和朋友们像萝卜白菜一样的吃掉,只不用它来宴大宾;看见鸦片,也不当众摔在茅厕里,以见其彻底革命,只送到药房里去,以供治病之用,却不弄“出售存膏,售完即止”的玄虚。只有烟枪和烟灯,虽然形式和印度,波斯,阿剌伯的烟具都不同,确可以算是一种国粹,倘使背着周游世界,一定会有人看,但我想,除了送一点进博物馆之外,其余的是大可以毁掉的了。还有一群姨太太,也大以请她们各自走散为是,要不然,“拿来主义”怕未免有些危机。
总之,我们要拿来。我们要或使用,或存放,或毁灭。那么,主人是新主人,宅子也就会成为新宅子。然而首先要这人沉着,勇猛,有辨别,不自私。没有拿来的,人不能自成为新人,没有拿来的,文艺不能自成为新文艺。
鲁迅所批判的“孱头”、“昏蛋”、“废物”,分别代表着对待外国文化怎样的态度?
鲁迅认为实行“拿来主义”的正确态度是什么?
这段文字是运用什么方法来展开论证的?
请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析,谢谢!

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