Temporary Employment
Some observers have attributed the dramatic growth in temporary employment that occurred in the United States during the 1980's to increased participation in the workforce by certain groups, such as first time or reentering workers, who supposedly prefer such arrangements. However, statistical analyses reveal that demo- graphic changes in the workforce did not correlate with variations in the total number of temporary workers. Instead, these analyses suggest that factors affecting employers account for the rise in temporary employment. One factor is product demand; temporary employment is favored by employers who are adapting to fluctuating demand for products while at the same time seeking to reduce overall labor costs. Another factor is labor's reduced bargaining strength, which allows employers more control over the terms of employment. Given the analyses, which reveal that growth in temporary employment now far exceeds the level explainable by recent workforce entry rates of groups said to prefer temporary jobs, firms should be discouraged from creating excessive numbers of temporary positions. Government policymakers should consider mandating benefit coverage for temporary employees, promoting pay equity between temporary and permanent workers, assisting labor unions in organizing temporary workers, and encouraging firms to assign temporary jobs primarily to employees who explicitly indicate that preference.
The first sentence in the passage suggests that the observers mentioned in line 1 would be most likely to predict which of the followings?
A. That the total number of temporary positions would increase as fewer workers were able to find permanent positions.
B. That employers would have less control over the terms of workers' employment as workers increased their bargaining strength.
C. That more workers would be hired for temporary positions as product demand increased.
D. That the number of workers taking temporary positions would increase as more workers in any given demographic group entered the workforce.
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
What does it mean to say that we live in a world of persuasion'? It means that we live among competing interests. Your roommate's need to study for an exam may take priority over pizza. Your instructor may have good reasons not to change your grade. And the object of your romantic interest may, alas, have other options.
In such a world, persuasion is the art of' getting others to give fair and favorable consideration to our point of view. When we persuade, we want to influence how others believe and behave. We may not always prevail--other points of view may be more persuasive, depending on the listener, the situation, and the merits of the case. But when we practice the art of persuasion, we try to ensure that our position receives the attention it deserves.
Some people, however, object to the very idea of persuasion. They may regard it as an unwelcome intrusion into their lives or as a manipulation or domination. In contrast, we believe that persuasion is inevitable--to live is to persuade. Persuasion may be ethical or unethical, selfless or selfish, inspiring or degrading. Persuaders may enlighten our minds or prey on our vulnerability. Ethical persuasion, however, calls on sound reasoning and is sensitive to the feelings and needs of listeners. Such persuasion can help us apply the wisdom of the past to the decisions we now must make. Therefore, an essential part of education is learning to resist the one kind of persuasion and to encourage and practice the other.
Beyond its personal importance to us, persuasion is essential to society. The right to persuade and be persuaded is the bedrock (基础) of the American political system, guaranteed by the First Amendment to the Constitution.
What is the main idea of this passage?
A. Persuasion is very important in our daily communication.
B. We live among competing interests.
C. Persuasion is both good and bad, and it is all around us.
D. Persuasion is essential to society and is built into American government.
事故的处理要建立在()的基础上,并广泛听取专家及有关方面的意见,经科学论证,决定事故是否进行处理。
A. 事故的鉴定
B. 原因分析
C. 制定方案
D. 调查
工程项目,建设单位通过招标选择了工程施工单位和工程监理单位,并分别签订了工程施工合同和委托监理合同。
该工程项目在实施过程中,形成了许多建设工程文件和档案,以下是该工程项目实施过程中形成的部分工程文件和档案:
(1)建设项目列入年度计划的申报文件;
(2)分包单位资质报审表;
(3)原材料、成品、半成品、构配件设备出厂质量合格证及试验报告;
(4)项目建议书审批意见及前期工作通知书;
(5)施工组织设计(方案)报审表;
(6)单位工程质量评定表及报验单;
(7)建设单位工程项目管理部、工程项目监理部、工程施工项目经理部及各自负责人名单;
(8)工程款支付申请表。
按照建设工程档案编制质量与组卷方法,工程项目参与各方对该工程项目实施过程中形成的文件资料进行了收集、组卷、验收和移交。
原材料、成品、半成品、构配件设备出厂质量合格证及试验报告属于施工文件档案管理主要内容中的()部分。
A. 工程施工技术管理资料
B. 工程质量控制资料
C. 工程施工质量验收资料
D. 竣工图