题目内容

阅读以下说明和C语言代码，回答问题1至问题4，将解答填入答题纸的对应栏内。
[说明]
有两个任务(编号分别为0和1)需要访问同一个共享资源，为了解决竞争条件(race condition)的问题，需要实现一种互斥机制，使得在任何时刻只能有一个任务访问该共享资源。代码一给出了一种实现方法。
[代码一]
1： int flag[2]; /* flag 数组，初始化为FALSE /
2： Enter_Critical_Section(int my_task_id, int other_task_id)
3： {
4： while (flag[other_task_id] == TRUE); / 空循环语句 */
5： flag[my_task_id] = TRUE;
6： }
7： Exit_Critical_Section(int my_task_id, int other_task_id)
8： {
9： flag[my_task_id] = FALSE;
10： }
当一个任务要访问临界资源时，就可以调用代码一给出的这两个函数。代码二给出了任务0的一个例子。
[代码二]
Enter_Critical_Section(0,1);
…使用这个资源…
Exit_Critical_Section(0,1);
…做其他事情…
什么是临界资源(critical resource)？请用100字以内文字简要说明。

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国际货运代理业的定义

听力原文： In addition to these general threats to stability and security, / a failed or failing state is itself a potential target / for internal or external disruption and insurgencies. / A transnational or sub-state actor, / operating either within the troubled country or from points nearby, / may seek to exploit conditions in order to promote its own agenda. / Such activities could lead to the destabilization of an entire region, / thereby quickly escalating into a security threat / weal beyond the relatively minor interests originating from the failed or falling state. / These states also provide an environment / in which such actors can thrive, / exploiting the lack of effective governance to build their resources. / So, for example, / the inability of a state to control criminal activities / such as drug or weapons smuggling, money laundering, and terrorism / may eventually transform. the country into a kind of" safe haven"/from which the criminal can effectively consolidate and expand operations. / To the extent that such actors gain strength in these safe havens, / the failed state becomes a security concern for other countries, including the US. /
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