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Energy Cycle
Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it&39;s painful？ This might be called lazi-ness, but Dr. Kleitman has anew explanation. He has proved that everyone has adaily energycycle.
During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you&39;re "hot". That&39;strue. The time of day when you feel most energeticis when your cycle of body temperature is at itspeak. For some people the peak comes during the morning. For others it comes in the afternoon orevening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues as : "Getup, John! You&39;ll be late for work again!" The possiB．le explanation to the trouB．le is that John isat his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbandsand wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.
You can&39;t change your energy cycle, B．ut you can learn to make your life fit to it better. HaB．itcan help, Dr. Kleitman B．elieves. MayB．e you&39;re sleepy in the evening but you must stay up lateanyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by haB．itually staying up later than you want to. Ifyour energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, risebeforeyour usual hour. This won&39;t change your cycle, but you&39;ll get up steam and work better at yourlow point.
Get off to aslow start which saves your energy. Get up with aleisurely yawn and stretch. Siton the edge of the bed aminute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the trouble of search-ing for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work inthe afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.
If aperson finds getting up early aproblem， most probably__________. 查看材料
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Prolonging Human Life
Prolonging human life has increased the size of the human population. Many people alive today would have died of childhood diseases if they had been born 100 years ago. Because more people live longer, there are more people around at any given time. In fact. it is a decrease in death rates, not an increase in birthrates, that has led to the population explosion.
Prolonging human life has also increased the dependency load. In all societies, people who are disabled or too young or too old to work are dependent on the rest of society to provide for them. In hunting and gathering cultures, oht people who could not keep up might be left behind to die. In times of famine, infants might be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved, whereas if the parents survived they could have another child. In most contempo- rary societies, people feel a moral obligation to keep people alive whether they can work or not. We have a great many people today who live past the age at which they want to work or are able to work; we also have rules which require people to retire at a certain age. Unless these people were able to save money for their retirement, somebody else must support them. In the United States many retired people live on social security checks which are so little that they must live in near poverty. Older people have more, illness than young or middle-aged people; unless they have wealth or private or government insurance, they must often "go on welfare" if they have a serious illness.
When older people become senile or too weak and ill to care for themselves, they create grave problems for their families, In the past and in some traditional cultures, they would be eared for at home until they died. Today, with most members of a household working or in school, there is often no one at borne who can care for a sick or weak person. To meet this need, a great many nursing homes and convalescent hospitals have been built. These are often profit- making organizations, although some are sponsored by religious and other nonprofit groups. While a few of these institutions are good, most of them are simply "dumping grounds" for the dying in which "care" is given by poorly paid, overworked, and under-skilled personnel.
The writer believes that the population explosion results from 查看材料
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