题目内容
Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
On the past few days, two nations with large numbers of AIDS-infected people have announced plans to distribute a triple cocktail of life-prolonging antiretroviral drugs free to all who need it. China has been treating 5,000 patients and plans to expand the program to cover everyone in the country. South Africa's cabinet approved a plan that includes drugs for all who need them.
China spent years denying it had an AIDS problem. Until recently, South Africa's top officials minimized the epidemic, questioned whether H. I. V. was the cause of AIDS and labeled antiretroviral drugs "poisons". Both countries have now taken a courageous and essential step.
But only one is likely to succeed. Indeed, China's program is already failing. One in five Chinese who have received antiretroviral drugs has already stopped taking them, which can lead to the creation of drug-resistant strains of the virus. China has only about 100 doctors nationwide with experience in treating AIDS. Health workers are simply handing patient's bottles of pills. Most patients receive no counseling on how to take them or deal with their side effects, and little follow-up monitoring. China is also still determined to crack down on high-risk groups such as prostitutes and drug users, which drives the epidemic underground. Even recently, provincial police were beating AIDS patients protesting for treatment. Treating AIDS requires a network of health care workers and a political climate that does not stigmatize and discriminate against those who come forward.
South Africa's government, by contrast, understands that handing out pills is only part of the solution. The program, which will cost about ＄ 680 million a year by 2007, will spend only a third of its budget on buying drugs. Much of the money will go instead to establishing clinics and training thousands of doctors, nurses, counselors and other workers to staff them. The government plans to have a well-run clinic in every district by the end of the year, and in every municipality by the end of 2008.
South Africa has an influential national network of campaigners for AIDS treatment whose pres- sure and advice were crucial to devising the plan, and who will be crucial to its success. It also had help from the foundation led by former President Bill Clinton, which negotiated better prices for AIDS medicine. China's government, by contrast, made its decisions in secret and has yet to permit such widespread citizen activism on AIDS. But China has one huge advantage over South Africa: while one in nine South Africans has the AIDS virus, China's epidemic is far smaller. Now that China has decided to treat AIDS, it has a chance to learn from other nations before the deluge.
The author write this passage mainly to______.
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听力原文： After the early period of settlements, the first sharp in increase in immigration took place in the 1830's and 1840's. This brought to America flocks of people from northern Europe who lost employment in the Industrial Revolution, and then a great number of Irish people who fled from famine. German political refugees arrived shortly after. Many immigrants from northern and western Europe settled on farms in the middle-west. The Irish became Construction laborers on roads, bridges, and railroads.
In the 1880's, a tremendous flood of immigrants began coming in, this time largely from southern and eastern Europe. To most Americans, these newcomers seemed far stranger than the early settlers. Their languages, customs, and ways of life were very different from those of Americans. The newcomers moved into the poorest neighborhood of the large cities. They tended to stay together and cling to their old ways. As they were accustomed to poverty, they were willing to work for very low wages. This made other workers, especially those in labor unions, afraid that the immigrants with the lower wage level would take away jobs from them. Indeed, organized labor became one of the key opponents of continued immigration.
This opposition finally led to the posting of immigration law in the 1920's, which restricted further immigration. In 1965, these unfair laws were replaced by a new immigration act, which granted equal opportunities to foreigners, regardless of their place of origin. Asians, like Koreans and Vietnamese, soon began to arrive. Many of these newcomers have worked very hard to establish themselves in their new land.
Why did northern European people come to settle down in the United States？
People were confused in their attempts to control malaria in Europe in the early 1900s, because scientists
Compared to America, the author believe that which of the following factor contribute most
听力原文： America's national symbol, the bald eagle, almost went extinct twenty years ago, but it has made a comeback. In fact, the U. S. Fishing and Wild Life Service are considering the possibility of
taking it off the Endangered Species List. Once, more than fifty hundred pairs of bald eagles nested across the country, but by 1920 that number had fallen below four hundred. The chief killer was the widely used DDT. Fish soaked up DDT, died, and were washed up on shores where bald eagles feasted on them. DDT prevented eagle egg shells from thickening. The shells became so thin that they shattered before the babies hatched. Fortunately in 1.932, a law was paused to ban DDT which saved the bald eagle from total wipeout. And since then wildlife biologists have reintroduced bald eagles from Canada to America. The result was that last year U. S. bird watchers counted eleven thou- sand six hundred and ten bald eagles in the country.
If it were dropped from the Endangered Species List, the bald eagle would still be a threatened species. That means the bird would continue to get the same protection. No hunting allowed, and no disturbing of nests. But bald eagles still face tough times. The destruction of their natural homes could be the next DDT causing eagle numbers to drop quickly.
What was the main harmful effect of the pest's killer DDT on bald eagles？
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