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听力原文： Americans now spend more money on fast food than they do on higher education, personal computers, software or new cars. The rapid growth of the fast-food industry has been driven by fundamental changes in the U.S. economy. The hourly wage of the average American worker peaked in 1973 and then steadily declined until last year. Women entered the work force in record numbers, often motivated less by feminism than by a need to help pay the bills. In 1975, about a third of American mothers with young children worked outside the home; today about two-thirds of such mothers are employed. As the sociologists Cameron Lynne Macdonald and Carmen Sirianni have noted, the entry of women into the nation's work force has greatly increased demand for the types of services that housewives traditionally performed: cooking, cleaning and child-care. The fast-food industry has benefited from these demographic changes, supplying at low cost the meals no longer prepared in the home and hiring at low wages millions of young women in need of extra income.
The McDonald's Corp. has become a powerful symbol of America's service economy, the rector now responsible for ninety percent of the country's new jobs. In 1968, McDonald's operated about 1,000 restaurants. Today it has about 23,000 restaurants worldwide and opens roughly 2,000 new ones each year. An estimated one of every eight Americans has worked at McDonald's. The company annually trains more new workers than the U.S. Army. McDonald's is the nation's largest purchaser of beef and potatoes. It is the second-largest purchaser of poultry.
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A．The growing work force provides it with more workers.B．The government taxes it light
A．Because he wanted to make more money.B．Because he was fired by the school because he
听力原文： Since man first scrawled in the dirt with his finger, people have searched for better ways to record the written word. Today, that quest is perhaps best exemplified by one of the writing instrument industry's leaders: Parker Pen.
In America, the pen-making industry officially began in 1809. But, it wasn't until the 1880s that the fountain pen as we now know got its start. Among the early industry leaders was George Safford Parker, a school teacher from Janesville, who became frustrated with the unreliability of the writing instruments then available to his students.
To improve his insufficient teaching salary, Parker had a sideline as an agent for John Holland fountain pens. The pens were unreliable, delivering too much ink at times and at other times, no ink at all. In any case, Parker felt obligated to repair the pens he sold to his students. So, he purchased a few small tools, and began to learn the inner workings of fountain pens. As the students learned they could depend on their teacher to keep their pens in working order, the number of pens he sold increased, so did his frustration. Finally, he decided he could make a better pen himself. And he did.
Parker patented his first fountain pen design on December 10, 1889. Two years later he entered a partnership with insurance man W. E Palmer and in February of 1892 they incorporated the Parker Pen Company.
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A．They have to take final exam.B．They have to give presentation.C．They have to read nu
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