Which of the following is an assumption of Theory X?
A. The expenditure of physical and mental effort in work is as natural as play or rest and the average human being does not inherently dislike work.
B. The average human being prefers to be directed, wishes to avoid responsibility, has relatively little ambition, and wants security above all.
C. Under the conditions of modern industrial life, the intellectual potentialities of the average human being are only partially utilized.
D. The capacity to exercise a relatively high degree of imagination in the solution of organizational problems is widely, not narrowly, distributed in the population.
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Which of the following statements is true of leaders who subscribe to the assumptions of Theory Y?
A. They believe that the average human being prefers to be directed and wishes to avoid responsibility.
B. They do not believe that people will seek out greater responsibility and will exercise imagination and creativity.
C. They believe that the average human being has an inherent dislike of work and will avoid it if possible.
D. They do not believe people have to be coerced and controlled in order to perform effectively.
Which of the following is an assumption of Theory Y?
A. Most people prefer to be directed, wish to avoid responsibility, have relatively little ambition, and want security above all.
B. An average human being has an inherent dislike of work and will avoid it if possible.
C. A person will exercise self-direction and self-control in the service of objectives to which he or she is committed.
D. Most people must be threatened with punishment to get them to put adequate effort toward the achievement of goals.
A key component of leadership is:
A. accepting the standard way of doing things.
B. being emotionally connected to others.
C. regarding assumptions as fixed truths.
D. employing fear-based motivation.
Daniel, the relationship manager of a mutual fund company, has the strength to understand his emotions clearly. He makes tough decisions by believing his "gut feelings." He knows how his emotions affect his work; hence, he acts carefully according to them. Which of the following qualities of leaders does Daniel possess?
A. Social awareness
B. Self-awareness
C. Systems thinking
D. Relationship management
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