题目内容

The subject of my study is women who are initiating social change in a small region in Texas. The women are Mexican Americans who are, or were, migrant agricultural workers. There is more than one kind of innovation at work in the region, of course, but I have chosen to focus on three related patterns of family behavior.
The pattern I life style. represents how migrant farm workers of all nationalities lived in the past and how many continue to live. I treat this pattern as a baseline with which to compare the changes represented by pattern Ⅱ and Ⅲ. Families in pattern I work and travel in extended kin units, with the eldest male occupying the position of authority. Families are large and no children are unusual. And all members are economic contributors in this strategy of family migration. Families in pattern Ⅱ manifest some differences in behavior. while still maintaining aspects of pattern I. They continue to migrate but on a reduced scale, often modifying their schedules of migration to allow children to finish the school year. Parents in this pattern often find temporary local jobs as checkers to make up for lost farming income. Pattern Ⅱ families usually have fewer children than do pattern I families.
The greatest amount of change from pattern I, however, is in pattern III families, who no longer migrate at all. Both parents work full time in the area and have an average of three children. Children attend school for the entire year. In pattern Ⅲ, the women in particular create new roles for them selves for which no local models exist. They not only work full time but may, in addition, return to school. They also assume a greater responsibility in family decisions than do women in the other pat terns. Although these women are in the minority among residents of the region, they serve as role models for others, causing moderate changes to spread in their communities.
Now opportunities have continued to be determined by pre-existing values. When federal jobs became available in the region, most involved working under the direction of female professionals such as teachers or nurses. Such positions were unaccepted to many men in the area because they were not accustomed to being subordinate to women. Women therefore took the jobs, at first, be cause the income was desperately needed. But some of the women decided to stay at their jobs, at first, after the family' s distress was over. These women enjoyed their work, its responsibility, and the companionship of fellow women workers. The steady, relatively high income allowed their families to stop migrating. And, as the benefits to these women became increasingly apparent, they and their families became even more willing to consider changes in their lives that they would not have considered before.
Which of the following titles best reflects the main focus of the passage?

A Survey of Three Mexican American Families at Work in Texas.
B. Innovative Career Women: Effects on Family Unity.
Changes in the Life Styles of Migrant Mexican American Families.
D. Farming of Family: The Unavoidable Choice for Migrant Farm Workers.

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How did Jane spend her days before she went back to work7

A. Doing housework.
B. Reading papers and watching TV.
C. Looking after her neighbour’s children.
D. Taking good care of her husband.

Every place is different. That is 【21】______ makes geography so interesting. It 【22】______ us to new places, to different ways of living 【23】______ the land, to new ways of thinking about the 【24】______ . Indeed, it shows us new ways of thinking about ourselves 【25】______ our environment. Like travel, it is 【26】______ . It gives us new experiences and 【27】______ our understanding.
In comparing the study of geography to travel, 【28】______ should also note the importance of maps. Like the vacationing-motorist, geographers feel much more 【29】______ with a good map. Maps are 【30】______ the most important tools of the 【31】______ trade. The ability to read and use maps is a 【32】______ skill that you will 【33】______ for driving, reading the newspaper, and doing many 【34】______
The study of geography will help you to improve your map reading skills. 【35】______ that is only the beginning. The real value of geography is 【36】______ it will give you a special way of 【37】______ at the world.
A geographical outlook can help you understand 【38】______ , your neighbors and the world. It can make you sensitive 【39】______ your environment and excited enough to really are. People with knowledge and concern can 【40】______ our world better to live in.
【21】

A. that
B. which
C. what
D. all

SECTION B INTERVIEW
Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.
Now listen to the interview.
听力原文:Bill: Hi, Howard. What are you working now?.
Howard: Hi, Bill. Hi, Lisa. I've just finished a piece of background music.
Lisa: Background music? Oh, like the music they're playing here now.
Howard: Yes. You hear it everywhere--in restaurants, airports, supermarkets, department stores...
Bill: In banks, too. I noticed it while we were at the bank today.
Lisa: Did you? I didn't.
Howard: You're not supposed to notice it. It’s just there, in the background. It's supposed to influence your attitudes, put you in the right mood.
Lisa: I'm not sure I like that idea.
Howard: Well, it seems to work. Companies pay millions of dollars every year for background music. It's supposed to give you a better feeling about yourself and the people around you. Factories use it a lot. It makes the workers happy, and they work better that way. In one factory, music increased production 4.5 percent.
Bill: I should think they'd get tired of hearing music all day.
Howard: They don't, though. One fellow in San Francisco told me, "If the music stops, somebody always runs to the telephone to complain.”
Lisa: Now that I think about it, I can't remember when there wasn't background music in restaurants and stores.
Howard: That shows how young you are. Actually, it all started during World War II when some factories had their own orchestras to keep workers happy and calm. Now, of course, the music is piped in by a machine, and different kinds of music are played at different times during the day. They play faster music at ten in the morning than at eight, for instance, because workers tend to be slower then.
Bill: What about restaurants? Do they play the same music for dinner and lunch?
Howard: I don't know about that, but I do know that hamburger places play fast music. When they started playing faster music, they found that a customer spent only seventeen minutes eating. The time was twenty-two minutes before that.
Lisa: So they have more people coming in and out to buy hamburgers.
Howard: Exactly. And that's good for business. You can see why music has become so popular. In Los Angeles, for instance, thirty different companies are selling background music services.
Lisa: I still think there's something about it that I dolor quite like.
Howard: I know what you mean, but lots of people would not agree with you. The Xerox Corporation in Rochester, N.Y. spends more than $ 80,000 a year for background music. Prisons use it, and farmers use it to keep their cattle calm. It's even supposed to have an effect on plants.
Howard is probably______.

A. an orchestra conductor
B. a music fan
C. a sales manager in a music company
D. a background music composer

According to the passage, why is the inequality-adjusted income per head in France higher

A. Because the GDP per capita in France is substantially higher than in America.
Because France witnessed a sharp increase of inequality in income distribution.
C. Because income distribution is more polarized in America than in France.
D. Because the two countries adopted different methods of national-account measurement.

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