听力原文: Different kinds of writing achieve different purposes. On the basis of controlling purpose we traditionally divide all prose into three categories: narration, description and exposition. Of these, exposition is especially important to the college student since much of what he reads, and most of what he writes, is expository prose. Exposition is writing that explains. In general, it answers the questions how and why. If we go into any university library, most of the books we find on the shelves are examples of exposition. Philosophies, histories, literary essays, theories of economics, studies of government and law, the findings of sociology, the investigations of science—all these, however different, have for their purpose to explain. It is the most common kind of writing, the sort with which we conduct our workaday affairs—the business letter, the doctor's case study, the lawyer's brief, the engineer's report and so on.
On paper, the writing of exposition begins with paragraphs. Within each paragraph, the writer shapes and develops a single unit of thought. Generally, paragraphs of exposition contain two different kinds of statements. The first—a general, rather abstract statement—is called a topic sentence. The second class of statements consists of particular facts, examples, illustrations and supporting details. Most often the topic sentence stands first in the paragraph unless one or two sentences of transition go before.
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A. The classification of all prose.
B. Different types of writing.
C. Paragraph writing techniques.
D. Exposition and its paragraph writing.
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A.It is essential to make you succeed.B.It can help a person maintain good health.C.It
A. It is essential to make you succeed.
B. It can help a person maintain good health.
C. It might prove that you are a creative person.
D. It gives you a-chance to enjoy a football match.
Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with different beliefs. In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies.
All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision. In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed.
Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites; in the simple elements rather than in the complex ones; in form. rather than in substance; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements.
Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp dichotomies. This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities, because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts.
The passage mainly discusses ______.
A. two different societies
B. the necessity of social change
C. certain factors that determine the ease with which social changes occur
D. certain factors that promote social change
A.He is no more than a master of words.B.He can convey his ideas in words which sing l
A. He is no more than a master of words.
B. He can convey his ideas in words which sing like music.
C. He can move men to tears.
D. His style. is always charming.
Social change is less likely to occur in a society where people are quite similar in many
A. people there have got so accustomed to their conditions that they seldom think it necessary to change
B. people there have identical needs that can be satisfied without much difficulty
C. people there are easy to please
D. people there are less disputatious