题目内容
51～65 Cost as a Factor in Supply
In a purely competitive market,the supplier of goods and services has no control over.the market price,because he produces too little to influence market conditions.With no difference between his products and the products________ (1)his competitors,he will sell nothing if he charges above the market price and he will sell all if he charges at or________ (2)the market price.However, in considering the price,he must take the________ (3)of production into consideration.There are times when he may be willing to sell below his cost.This might happen when prices tumble for________ (4)he believes will be a short time.However, no business person can________ (5)to lose money for a prolonged period.He must be constantly________ (6)of his costs in relation to the market price if he is to compete successfully and earn a profit.
Many people have the impression that as production increases。costs per unit decrease.________ (7)mass production has made this true in certain industries and at certain levels of production,________ (8)logic and practical experiences have shown that costs per unit begin to rise beyond a certain level of production.Some economists________(9)to this principle as the law of increasing costs.
The reason costs rise as production goes up is________ (10).However, it is easy to recognize that as production goes up.the need for additional factors of production will also grow,________ (1 1)competitive bidding in the marketplace for the factors of production.If a producer needs________ (12)skilled labor to produce more,and none of this labor is unemployed,the producer will have to get________ (1 3)from other sources.This can be done by________ (14)higher wages.Higher bidding would also apply to the other factors of production.We must also recognize that not all labor is equally productive,________ (15)not all land is equally fertile and not all ore(矿石)is equally rich in the mineral wanted.
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The manager gave US the identical cottage each summer.（）
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根据短文回答 16～22 题。
A Pay Rise or Not？
"Unless I get a rise, Ill have a talk with the boss, Henry Manley," George Strong sail to himself. George liked his job and he liked the town he lived in, but his wife kept telling him that his pay was not enough to meet the needs of the family. That was why he was thinking of taking a job in Birmingham, a nearby city about 50 miles away. He had bee offered a job in a factory there, and the pay was far better.
George lived in Wyeford, a medium-sized town. He really liked the place and didn like the idea of moving somewhere else, but if he took the job in Birmingham, he would have to move his family there.
Henry Manley was the manager of a small company manufacturing electric motors. The company was in deep trouble because, among other reasons, the Japanese were selling such things at very low prices. As a result, Manley had to cut his own prices and profits as well. Otherwise he would not get any orders at all. Even then, orders were still not coming in fast enough, so that there was no money for raises (加工资) for his workers. Somehow, he had to struggle along and keep his best workers as well. He sighed. Just then the phone rang.
His secretary told him that George Strong wanted to see him as soon as possible. Manley sighed again. He could guess what it was about. George Strong was a very young engineer. The company had no future unless it could attract and keep men like him. Manley rubbed his forehead (前额); His problems seemed endless.
第 16 题 Henry Manley was already deeply in debt.（）
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