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Development in Newspaper Organization
One of the most important developments in newspaper organization during the first part of the twentieth century ____46____, which are known as wire services. Wire-service companies employed reporters, who covered stories all over the world. Their news reports were sent to papers throughout the country by telegraph. The papers paid an annual fee for this service. Wire services continue ____47____ Today the major wire services are the Associated Press (AP) and United Press International (UPI). You will frequently find AP or UPI at the beginning of a news story.
Newspaper chains and mergers began to appear in the early 1900s. A chain consists of two or more newspapers ____48____. A merger involves combining two or more papers into one. During the nineteenth century many cities had more than one competitive independent paper. Today in most cities there are only one or two newspapers, and ____49____. Often newspapers in several cities belong to one chain. Papers have combined ____50____. Chains and mergers have cut down production costs and brought the advantages of big-business methods to the newspaper industry.
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换牙后，根据牙的形态与功能，牙可分为四类，除了切牙、尖牙、磨牙外，还有____。
刷牙时间不足___分钟，即为无效刷牙。
磨牙后垫为覆盖于磨牙后三角表面的软组织，当发生____时，磨牙后垫常显红肿。
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Exercise Lowers Employers&39; Health Costs
Companies can save millions in health-care costs simply by encouraging their employees to exercise a little bit, researchers reported on Friday.
They said obese (肥胖的) employees had higher health-care costs, but lowered those expenses by exercising just a couple of times a week, without even losing any weight.
Feifei Wang and colleagues at the University of Michigan studied 23,500 workers at General Motors.
They estimated that getting the most sedentary (惯于久坐的) obese workers to exercise would have saved about $790,000 a year, or about 1.5 percent of health-care costs for the whole group,Company-wide. The potential savings could reach $7.1 million per year, they reported in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
Of the whole group of workers, about 30 percent were of normal weight,45 percent were overweight (超重的), and 25 percent were obese. Annual health-care costs averaged $2,200 for normal weight, $2,400 for the overweight, and $2,700 for obese employees.
But among workers who did no exercise, health-care costs went up by at least $100 a year, and were $3,000 a year for obese employees who were sedentary.
But adding two or more days of light exercise, at least 20 minutes of exercise or workhard enough to increase heart rate and breathing, lowered costs by on average $500 per employee a year, the researchers found.
"This indicates that physical activity behavior. could reduce at least some of the harmful effects of excess body fat, and in consequence, help lower the health-care costs," Wang and colleagues wrote.
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