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杨·凡·爱克兄弟发现亚麻仁油，并将其运用到油画创作中。()

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德国文艺复兴时期美术中版画非常发达。()

某企业共有六个单层生产厂房，每个厂房的建筑面积和高度各不相同，但均为装配式钢筋混凝土排架结构。评估人员在现场勘察时发现两个厂房的基础有不均匀沉降。
问题：
1．单层工业厂房屋盖的作用有哪些？
2．排架结构中支撑的主要作用有哪些？
3．排架结构中支撑的种类有哪些？
4．厂房基础的不均匀沉降可能引起地基失稳破坏，地基失稳破坏有哪些形式？

READING PASSAGE 2
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 13-25 which are based on Reading Passage 2 on the following pages.
Section A
The role of governments in environmental management is difficult but inescapable Sometimes, the state tries to manage the resources it owns, and does so badly. Often however, governments act in an even more harmful way. They actually subsidise the exploitation and consumption of natural resources A whole range of policies, from farm- price support to protection for coal-mining do, environmental damage and (often) make no economic sense. Scrapping them offers a two-fold bonus: a cleaner environment and a more efficient economy. Growth and environmentalism can actually go hand in hand, if politicians have the courage to confront the vested interest that subsidies create.
Section B
No activity affects more of the earth's surface than farming. It shapes a third of the plant's land area, not counting Antarctica, and the proportion is rising. World food output per head has risen by 4 percent between the 1970s and 1980s mainly as a result of increases increases in yields from land already in cultivation, but also because more land has been brought under the plough. Higher yields have been achieved by increased Irrigation , better crop breeding, and a doubling in the use of pesticides and chemical fertillsers in the 1970s and 1980s.
Section C
All these activities may have damaging environmental impacts, For example, land clearing for agriculture is the largest single cause of deforestation; chemical fertillsers and pesticides may contaminate water supplies; more intensive farming and the abandonment of fallow periods tend to exacerbate soil erosion; and the spread of mono- culture and use of high-yielding varieties of crops have been accompanied by the disappearance of old varieties of food plants which might have provided, some insurance against pests or diseases in future. Soil erosion threatens the productivity of land in both rich and poor countries. The United States, where the most careful measurements have been done, discovered in 1982 that about one-fifth of its farmland was losing topsoil at a rate likely to diminish the soil's productivity. The countrys subsequently embarked upon a program to convert 11 per cent of its cropped land to meadow or forest. Topsoil in India and China is vanishing much faster than in America
Section D
Government policies have frequently compounded the environmental damage that farming can cause. In the rich countries, subsidies for growing crops and price supports for farm output drive up the price of land. The annual value of these subsidies is immense; about ＄250 billion, or more than all World Bank lending in the 1980s. To increase the output of crops per acre, a farmer's easiest option is to use more of the most readily available Inputs: fertilisers and pesticides. Fertiliser use doubled in Denmark in the period 1960-1985 and increased in The Netherlands by 150 per cent. The quantity, of pesticides applied. has risen too: by 69 per centin 1975-1984 in Denmark, for example, with a rise of 115 per cent in the frequency of application in the three years from 1981.
In the late 1980s and early 1990s some efforts were made to reduce farm subsidies The most dramatic example was that of New Zealand, which scrapped most farm support in 1984 A study of the environmental effects, conducted in 1993, found that the end of fertiliser subsidies had been followed by a fall in fertiliser use (a fall compounded by the decline in world commodity prices, which cut farm incomes), The removal of subsidies also stopped land-clearing and over-stocking, which in the past had been the principal causes of erosion, Farms began to diversify, The one kind of subsidy whose removal appeared to have been bad for the environment was the subsidy to manage soil

听力原文：Woman A: Flemington Products. Ellen Russell speaking. Can I help you？
Woman B: Good morning, Ellen. It's Miranda Hillard. I am phoning about our delivery next week.
Woman A: Oh, yes. Could you tell me when we can expect the consignment to arrive？
Woman B: Of course. The delivery should arrive next Tuesday. Five trucks are on hire from Alpha Transport. But as two will be off half a day earlier, they should arrive early in the morning, around 8 o'clock, while the other three will arrive towards 3 p.m..
Woman A: All right. Err, could you tell me the person in charge of the delivery？
Woman B: I am flying to Nottingham next week, so Mr. Allan Stern will see to it personally. His contact number is 5437-3561.
Woman A: Good. Thank you very much. Goodbye.
Woman B: Goodbye.
&8226;Look at the note below
&8226;You will hear a woman calling to inform. of details of a delivery.
Message
Date: Sep. 23
From: Miranda Hillard
Message：
Details of Delivery
&8226;Arrival time: next (9) .
&8226;Conveyance: Five trucks from Alpha (10) .
&8226;Two trucks around 8 o'clock in the morning and three towards (11) .
&8226;Person in charge: Mr. Allan Stern&8226;Contact number: (12) .