题目内容
听力原文：W: Hey, Steve, got any plans for tonight？
M: Hi! Jane. No, I don't think se. Why？ Got any suggestions？
W: In fact, I do. I just got two tickets to the opening of the exhibition of the reprints by Julia Margaret Cameron. I would have mentioned it earlier, but I was on the waiting list for these tickets and I wasn't sure if I'd even get them.
M: An exhibition, huh？ I like such things. But I don't know who Julia...
W: Margaret Cameron! She was a photographer in the 1800s. She is interesting to art historians in general and students of photography in particular because she.., how should I say, change the aesthetics for photography.
M: What do you mean？
W: Well, her specialty was portraits and instead of just making a factual record of details like most photographers did, you know, just capturing what a person looks like in a dispassionate though: of way. She, like a portrait painter, was interested in capturing her subject's Personality.
M: Interesting! How did she do that？
W: She invented a number of techniques that affect the picture. Like one of those things she did was blur images slightly by using a soft focus on the subject. That's pretty common now.
M: Yeah, seems that way. Who did she photograph？
W: Famous people of her day, Alfred Lord Tennyson, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Charles Darwin..., I don't know who else. We'll see at the exhibition.
M: You really pick my curiosity. I am going to enjoy this.
(23)
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西方经济学生产论中，各种生产要素增加的比例大于产量增加的比例，称之为规模报酬递增。()
It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.
Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to "reward" the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning the head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children's responses in situations where no milk was provided. He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement "switched on" a display of lights-and indeed that they were capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result. For instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many as three turns to one side.
Papousek's light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the lights closely although they would "smile and bubble ''when the display came on. Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights which pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.
According to the author, babies learn to do things which ______. ()
The charge stems from a police investigation into money-laundering(洗钱) known as Operation Satiagraha. It grew out of a previous investigation into Mr. Dantas's use of Kroll, a security consultancy, to watch over his business partners. During this investigation the police seized a computer from Opportunity, Mr. Dantas's investment bank, which contained data from the mid-1990s to 2004 and apparently showed suspicious movements of money.
The judge found that Mr. Dantas tried to pay bribes, via two go-betweens, to keep his name out of the Satiagraha investigation. A man fitted with a bugging device was offered $1 million in cash, with another $4 million to follow, the police say. They claim that Mr. Dantas's trick involved money travelling to the Cayman Islands, then via the British Virgin Islands to an account in Ireland, on to Delaware, and then re-entering Brazil as foreign investment.
For Mr. Dantas his crime is a steep fall from grace. A man who sleeps little and socializes less, he is a vegetarian and self-made billionaire, a gifted financier who has serially fallen out with his business partners. He once controlled a large telecoms firm, acting for investors who included Citigroup. He says he is the victim of a conspiracy mounted by the government.
It is Mr. Dantas' supposed influence in government circles that has added to his notoriety. During the 1990s, when many state-owned businesses were privatized, Mr. Dantas positioned himself as the man with the needed expertise and contacts. He enjoyed easy access to the government of President Fernando Henrique Cardoso, including meetings with the president himself. That influence carried through into the government of President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva. Mr. Dantas is alleged to have been one of the funders of a cash-for-votes scheme in Brazil's Congress mounted by leaders of Lula's Workers' Party in 2003-2004. Many of those who have had dealings with Mr. Dantas insist that these have been legitimate and conducted in good faith. They include Luiz Eduardo Greenhalgh, a lawyer and PT politician, whom he hired as a consultant.
What kind of crime was Daniel Dantas convicted of according to the passage？
W: Let me see. On Monday, he will be in Paris for a meeting, and it will take him three days there; then he will fly to London to meet an important client ... Well, I don't think he is available this week.
Q: What can be inferred from the conversation？
(19)
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