题目内容
From the sentence "Like Proust. the French author whose experiences became his literary capital, man can recapture the past', you can tell that Proust ______.
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Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
Man's puzzlement and preoccupation with time both derive ultimately from his unique relationship to it. All animals exist in time and are changed by it; only man can control it.
Like Proust, the French author whose experiences became his literary capital, man can recapture the past. He can also summon up things to come, displaying imagination and foresight alone with memory. It really can be argued, that memory and foresightedness are the essence of intelligence: that man's ability to manipulate time, to employ both past and future as guides to present action, is what makes him human.
To be sure, many animals can react to time after a fashion A rat can learn to press a lever that will, after a delay of some 25 seconds, reward it with a bit of food. But if the delay stretches beyond 30 seconds, the animal is stumped. It can no longer associate the reward so "far" in the future with the present lever-pressing.
Monkeys, more smart than rats, are better able to deal with time. If one of them is allowed to see food being hidden under one of two cups, it can pick out the right cup even after 90 seconds have passed. But after that time interval, the monkey's hunt for the food is no Better than chance predicts.
With the apes, man's nearest cousins, "time sense" takes a big step forward. Even under laboratory conditions, quite different from those they encounter in the wild, apes somemnes show remarkable ability to manipulate the present to obtain a future goal. A chimpanzee, for example, can learn to stack two boxes, one on the other, as a platform. from which it can reach a hanging banana. Chimpanzees, indeed, carry their ability to deal with the future to the threshold of human capacity: they can make tools. And it is by the making of tools— physical tools as crude as a stone chopper, mental tools as subtle as a mathematical equation—that man characteristically prepares for future contingencies.
Chimpanzees in the wild have been seen to strip a twig of its leaves to make a probe for extracting termites from their hole. Significantly, however, the ape does not make his tool before setting out on a termite hunt, but only when it actually sees the insects or their nest. Here, as with the banana and the crates, the ape can cope only with a future that is immediate and visible — and thus halfway into the present
According to the article, which of the following statements ts TRUE？
The specialist understands one field; his concern is with technique and tools. He is a "trained" main and his educational background is properly technical or professional. The generalists and especially the administrators deal with people; his concern is with leadership, with planning, and with direction giving. He is an "educated" man; and the humanities are his strongest foundation. Very rarely is a specialist capable of being an administrator. And very rarely is a good generalist also a good specialist in a particular field. Any organization needs both kinds of people, though different organizations need them in different proportions. It is your task to find out, during your training period, into which of the two kinds of jobs you fit, and to plan your ca-leer accordingly.
Your first job may turn out to be the right job for you but this is pure accident. Certainly you should not change jobs constantly or people will become suspicious of your ability to hold any job. At the same time, you must not look upon the first job as the final job. It is primarily a training job, a chance to understand yourself and your fitness for being an employee.
There is an increasing demand for ______.
【34】
【31】
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