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The cohesiveness(内聚力)of a family seems to rely on members sharing certain routine practices and events. For a growing share of the American labor force, however, working shifts beyond the normal daylight hours―what we here call "shiftwork" ― makes the lives of families difficult. Existing research shows that both male and female shiftworkers express high levels of stress and a sense of conflict between the demands of work and family life. But shiftwork couples still maintain a traditional attitude about the meaning of marriage and the individual roles of husband and wife. They expressed a willingness to do" whatever it takes" to approximate their view of a proper marriage, including sacrificing sleep and doing conventional things at unconventional hours. For the majority of couples interviewed ― even when wives worked outside their homes a proper marriage is characterized by a very clear division of roles: husbands are "providers" whose major responsibility is to support the family; wives are "homemakers" who clean, cook, and care for husbands and children. As couples encountered shiftwork schedules, however, initial expectations about what it would take to create a marriage and family were put to test. One woman expressed her dreams about what marriage was supposed to be: "It would make me feel like I had more of a home atmosphere, you know. That’’ s the way I always expected being married having the husband go off, come in the evenings and spend the rest as the evenings together, you know that’’s the way we thought it would be. It doesn’’t work out that way. The women’’s definitions of a "good husband" are typified by the following wife’’s response: I him to be a good provider, and be there when I need him, loyal about the same things as he would expect out of me, expect that I expect him to dominate over me. But in a manner of speaking when it’’s time to be a man I expect him to stand up instead of sitting back expecting me to do everything. To husbands, a good wife was someone who was. Understanding of what I feel go through at work. I need that respect at work, I hope I get it at work. I want my wife to realize what I expect at work. I don’’t want her to give me a lot of shit when I come home from work because ― I don’’t know if this makes much sense. These views seemed critical to maintain the families of the shiftworkers. What is implied by the author
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Fishing adds only about one percent to the global economy, but on a regional basis it can contribute extremely to human survival. Marine fisheries contribute more to the world’’s supply of protein than beef, poultry or any other animal source. Fishing typically does not need land ownership, and because it remains, generally, open to all, it is often the employer of last resort in the developing world―an occupation when there are no other choices. Worldwide, about 200 million people rely on fishing for their livelihoods. Within Southeast Asia alone, over five million people fish full-time. In northern Chile forty percent of the population lives off the ocean. In Newfoundland most employment came from fishing or servicing that industry ― until the collapse of the cod fisheries in the early 1990s left tens of thousands of people out of work. Though debates over the conservation of natural resources are often cast as a conflict between jobs and the environment, the restoration of fish populations would in fact boost employment. Michael P. Sissenwine and Andrew A. Rosenberg of the U. S. National Marine Fisheries Service have estimated that if depleted species were allowed to rebuild to their long-term potential, their sustainable use would add about ＄ 8 billion to the U. S. gross domestic product ― and provide about 300 000 jobs. If fish populations were restored and properly managed, about twenty million metric tons could be added to the world’’s annual catch. But restoration of ecological balance, fiscal profitability and economic security will require a continual reduction in the capacity of the commercial fishing industry so that wild populations can recover. The necessary reductions in fishing workforce need not come at the expense of jobs. Governments could increase employment and reduce the pressure on fish populations by guiding subsidies away from highly mechanised ships. For each ＄ 1 million of investment, industrial-scale fishing operations require only one to five people, while small-scale fisheries would employ between 60 and 3 000. Industrial fishing itself threatens tens of millions of fishermen working on a small scale by depleting the fish on which they depend for subsistence. Paragraph 2 indicates that_________.
Fishing adds only about one percent to the global economy, but on a regional basis it can contribute extremely to human survival. Marine fisheries contribute more to the world’’s supply of protein than beef, poultry or any other animal source. Fishing typically does not need land ownership, and because it remains, generally, open to all, it is often the employer of last resort in the developing world―an occupation when there are no other choices. Worldwide, about 200 million people rely on fishing for their livelihoods. Within Southeast Asia alone, over five million people fish full-time. In northern Chile forty percent of the population lives off the ocean. In Newfoundland most employment came from fishing or servicing that industry ― until the collapse of the cod fisheries in the early 1990s left tens of thousands of people out of work. Though debates over the conservation of natural resources are often cast as a conflict between jobs and the environment, the restoration of fish populations would in fact boost employment. Michael P. Sissenwine and Andrew A. Rosenberg of the U. S. National Marine Fisheries Service have estimated that if depleted species were allowed to rebuild to their long-term potential, their sustainable use would add about ＄ 8 billion to the U. S. gross domestic product ― and provide about 300 000 jobs. If fish populations were restored and properly managed, about twenty million metric tons could be added to the world’’s annual catch. But restoration of ecological balance, fiscal profitability and economic security will require a continual reduction in the capacity of the commercial fishing industry so that wild populations can recover. The necessary reductions in fishing workforce need not come at the expense of jobs. Governments could increase employment and reduce the pressure on fish populations by guiding subsidies away from highly mechanised ships. For each ＄ 1 million of investment, industrial-scale fishing operations require only one to five people, while small-scale fisheries would employ between 60 and 3 000. Industrial fishing itself threatens tens of millions of fishermen working on a small scale by depleting the fish on which they depend for subsistence. The animal source which provides the most protein for human being is_______.
The cohesiveness(内聚力)of a family seems to rely on members sharing certain routine practices and events. For a growing share of the American labor force, however, working shifts beyond the normal daylight hours―what we here call "shiftwork" ― makes the lives of families difficult. Existing research shows that both male and female shiftworkers express high levels of stress and a sense of conflict between the demands of work and family life. But shiftwork couples still maintain a traditional attitude about the meaning of marriage and the individual roles of husband and wife. They expressed a willingness to do" whatever it takes" to approximate their view of a proper marriage, including sacrificing sleep and doing conventional things at unconventional hours. For the majority of couples interviewed ― even when wives worked outside their homes a proper marriage is characterized by a very clear division of roles: husbands are "providers" whose major responsibility is to support the family; wives are "homemakers" who clean, cook, and care for husbands and children. As couples encountered shiftwork schedules, however, initial expectations about what it would take to create a marriage and family were put to test. One woman expressed her dreams about what marriage was supposed to be: "It would make me feel like I had more of a home atmosphere, you know. That’’ s the way I always expected being married having the husband go off, come in the evenings and spend the rest as the evenings together, you know that’’s the way we thought it would be. It doesn’’t work out that way. The women’’s definitions of a "good husband" are typified by the following wife’’s response: I him to be a good provider, and be there when I need him, loyal about the same things as he would expect out of me, expect that I expect him to dominate over me. But in a manner of speaking when it’’s time to be a man I expect him to stand up instead of sitting back expecting me to do everything. To husbands, a good wife was someone who was. Understanding of what I feel go through at work. I need that respect at work, I hope I get it at work. I want my wife to realize what I expect at work. I don’’t want her to give me a lot of shit when I come home from work because ― I don’’t know if this makes much sense. These views seemed critical to maintain the families of the shiftworkers. In order to continue the marriages of the Shiftworkers,______.
What’s the woman’s occupation
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