题目内容
SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST
Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.
听力原文： Germany's unemployment rates soared to 11.4 percent, a new post-war record for the month of July. The German Federal Labor office says 132 thousand additional Germans were looking for work last month than were looking for work in June. Labor officials blame the unemployment rise on the summer vacation season when companies are less likely to hire.
Questions 7 to 8 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions.
Now listen to the news.
The German Federal Labor office says ______ additional Germans were looking for work last month than were looking for work in June.
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Another possible source of loans are a life 【M1】______
insurance policy. When you study insurance,
you will learn that some types of life insurance
have cash or loan value. Anyone who owns 【M2】______
this type of insurance may borrow up to
the number of its cash value. 【M3】______
Life insurance loans are easy to obtain.
Tile rate charged is less than that for almost
any other type of loan available for consumers. 【M4】______
This is because the lender takes none risk. 【M5】______
Also, borrowers may take as long as they want
to repay their loans. Although that may seem
likely an advantage, it can also be a disadvantage 【M6】______
When a borrower is not required to
repay a loan within certain period of time, it is easy 【M7】______
to let it run on and on. This increases the dollar
cost of a loan as the loan continues. Also the 【M8】______
amount the insurance company will pay for case 【M9】______
of death is reduced by the amount of the loan.
For example, suppose that someone with
$10,000 of insurance borrows $2,000
and dies, leaving the loan unpaying. The insurrance 【M10】______
company would pay only $8,000 to the
person entitled to receive the money. Of
course, if the $2,000 loan had been obtained
from another source, it would still have to be paid.
【M1】
听力原文：M: I'm glad I called to check on the time for picking Susan up, otherwise I'd have to wait for a longer time.
W: Was the plane delayed again？
Q: What does the woman imply？
(17)
Besides saving energy and reducing air pollution, public transport occupies much less city
Automobiles VS Public Transport
Public transport plays a central role in any efficient urban transport system in developing countries, where at least 16 cities are expected to have more than 12 million people each by the end of this decade, failing to give priority to public transport would be disastrous.
The term "public transport" covers many different types of vehicles, but most commonly refers to buses and trains. Rail services fall into four major categories: rapid rail (also called the underground, tube, metro, or subway), which operates on exclusive rights-of-way (优先行驶权) in tunnels or on elevated tracks; trams, which move with other traffic on regular streets; light rail, which is a quieter, more modern version of trams that can run either on exclusive rights-of-way or with other traffic: and suburban or regional trains, which connect a city with surrounding areas.
The recent trend in many cities is toward light rail over "heavy" rapid-rail systems. Whereas metros require exclusive rights-of-way, which often means building costly elevated or underground lines and stations, light rail can be built on regular city streets.
The concept of public transport also includes organized car pools, in which several people share the cost of riding together in the same private automobile. For US commuters in areas with inadequate bus and train services, this is the only "public" transport option. But even where other systems are comprehensive, there is vast potential for car pooling; recent research shows that in cities the world over, private cars during commuting hours on average carry just 1.2 1.3 persons per vehicle.
Public transport modes vary in fuel use and emissions and in the space they require, but if carrying reasonable numbers of passengers, they all perform. better than single-occupant private cars on each of these counts.
Although energy requirements vary according to the size and design of the vehicle and how many people are on board, buses and trains require far less fuel per passenger for each kilometer of travel. In the United States, for example, a light-rail vehicle needs an estimated 640 BTUs (British Thermal Units, measure of energy consumed) of energy per passenger per kilometer; a city bus would use some 690 BTUs per passenger-kilometer; and a car pool with four occupants 1,140 BTUs. A single-occupant automobile, by contrast, consumes nearly 4,580 BTUs per passenger-kilometer.
The pollution savings from public transport are even more dramatic. Since both rapid and light rail have electric engines, pollution is measured not from the motor exhaust, but from the power plant generating electricity, which is usually located outside the city, where air quality problems are less serious. For typical U.S. commuter routes, rapid rail emits 30 grams of nitrogen oxides for every 100 kilometers each rail passenger travels, compared with 43 grams for light rail, 95 grams for transit buses, and 128 grams for single-occupant automobiles. Public transport's potential for reducing hydrocarbon (碳氢化合物)and carbon monoxide(一氧化碳)emissions is even greater.
Although diesel buses—especially in developing countries—can be heavy polluters, existing technologies, such as filters, can control their exhaust. Buses can also run on less polluting fuels such as propane (丙烷, used in parts of Europe) and natural gas (used in Brazil and China). Test buses in the Netherlands that run on natural gas are estimated to emit 90 percent less nitrogen oxide and 25 percent less carbon monoxide than diesel engines do.
In addition to reducing fuel consumption and pollution, public transport saves valuable city space. Buses and trains carry more people in each vehicle and, if they operate on their own rights-of-way, can safely run at much higher speeds. In other words, they not only take up less space but also occupy it for
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