题目内容
One truly remarkable achievement that sets us humans apart the 【M1】______ rest of the animal kingdom is our creation and use of language. Although animals can communicate with one another, their limited number of calls and gestures are merely isolating signals that convey 【M2】______ very specific messages(for example, a greeting, a threat, summons to【M3】______ congregate)in much same way that single words or stereotyped phrases【M4】______ do in a human language. On contrast, human languages are amazingly 【M5】______ flexible and producing. From a small number of individually 【M6】______ meaningless sounds, a person who is proficient in a language can generate thousands of meaningful auditory patterns(syllables, words) that can then be combined according to a set of grammatical rules to produce an infinite number of messages. Language is also an inventive tool. Most of what people say or hear in any given situation is not merely a repetition of what they have said or heard before; speakers create novel utterances on the spot, and the topics they talk about may have nothing to do with his current situation or the stream of ongoing 【M7】______ events. Indeed, language is the only form. of communication by which we can easily produce a variety of messages that are blatantly untrue (as in a lie or a sarcastic utterance)and otherwise figurative in nature 【M8】______ (as in the simile "Shes like a breath of fresh air"). Yet, creative as we may be in generating new messages, but other people who know the 【M9】______ language will be able to understand any and all of our ideas as long as each of our statements adhere to the rules and conventions of the 【M10】______ language we are speaking.
【M1】
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______ is the first novel to reflect proletarian life and psychological transformation.
The Stockholm Conference undermined recognition 【M1】______ of the environment as a holistic entity, the "biosphere" to be protected in its entirety by international law and organizations. This was a novel concept for governments. 【M2】______ Some resisted the idea as unnecessary and misleading. They contended that the actual problems — say, polluted water or toxic pesticides — had to be dealt in by specialized 【M3】______ bodies and specific rule. To lump numerous disparate problems under a single head and one all-embracing legal regime, it was arguing, would only result in a new 【M4】______ bureaucracy and do nothing to solve concrete problems. 【M5】______ These concerns, it must be said, were neither trivial nor far-fetched. They did prevail,however, in the face of the 【M6】______ mounting evidence of threats to human well-being from a variety of sources. Diverse as these threats were, they could not be seen as part of a general assault on the 【M7】______ "natural order". This view was reinforced as scientists produced reports showing the interrelationship of various phenomena affecting the natural environment. Diverse groups of people worried by specific threats and damage moved toward unity on a common cause. It became 【M8】______ apparent that protection of the environment was a powerful political force within many national States. The trans-border and global threats clearly demand 【M9】______ international solutions and norms. Inevitably, the environment, seen as a whole, became a concept in international law, as in politics. "Ecological security" emerged as a major goal of international relations. Obligations and rights were proposed to serve that project. 【M10】______
【M1】
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