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What benefits did the FTTH services bring to rural areas？
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Some consumer researchers distinguish 【C1】______"rational" motives and "emotional" (or "non-rational") motives. They use the term "rationality" 【C2】______the traditional economic sense that assumes 【C3】______consumers behave rationally when they carefully consider all alternatives 【C4】______ choose those that give them the greatest utility (i.e., satisfaction). 【C5】______ a marketing context, the term "rationality" implies that the consumer selects goods based 【C6】______ totally objective criteria, such 【C7】______ size, weight, price, and so on. "Emotional" motives imply the selection of goods 【C8】______ to personal or subjective criteria—the desire 【C9】______ individuality, pride, fear, affection or status.
The assumption underlying this distinction is 【C10】______ subjective or emotional criteria do not maximize utility or satisfaction. 【C11】______, it is reasonable to assume that consumers always attempt to select alternatives that, 【C12】______ their view, serve to maximize satisfaction. Obviously, the assessment of satisfaction is a very personal process, based 【C13】______ the individual's own needs as 【C14】______ as on past behavioral, social, and learning experiences. What may appear 【C15】______ irrational to an outside observer may be perfectly rational 【C16】______ the context of the consumer's own psychological field. For example, a product purchased to enhance one's self-image (such as a fragrance) is a perfectly rational form. of consumer behavior. 【C17】______ behavior. did not appear rational to the person who undertakes it 【C18】______ the time that it is undertaken, obviously he or she would not do it. 【C19】______ the distinction between rational and emotional motives does not appear to be warranted.
Some researchers go so far 【C20】______ to suggest that emphasis 【C21】______ "needs" obscures the rational, or conscious, nature of most consumer motivation. They claim that consumers act consciously 【C22】______ maximize their gains and minimize their losses; that they act not 【C23】______ subconscious drives but from rational preferences, 【C24】______ what they perceive to be 【C25】______ their own best interests.
【C1】
？You will hear five short recordings. Each speaker is reporting on a training course they have attended.
？For each recording, decide what training course each speaker has attended.
？Write one letter (A-H) next to the number of the recording.
？Do not use any letter more than once.
？After you have listened once, replay the recordinqs.
简述华莱士问题解决的四阶段模式。
SECTION A COMPOSITION (35 MIN)
Nowadays students often find themselves flooded with all kinds of reference books. Some may be of great help for students' learning. However, overuse or using them in an improper way will certainly do harm to students.
Write on ANSWER SHEET TWO a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:
My View on the Negative Effects of Reference Books
You are to write in three parts.
In the first part, state specifically what your opinion is.
In the second part, provide one or two reasons to support your opinion.
In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
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