题目内容

By adopting a few simple techniques, parents who read to their children can greatly increase their children's language development. It is surprising but true. (77) How parents talk to their children makes a big difference in the children's language development. If a parent encourages the child to actively respond to what the parent is reading, the child's language skills increase.
A study was done with 30 three-year-old children and their parents. Half of the children participated in the experimental study; the other half acted as the control group. In the experimental group, the parents were given a two-hour training session in which they were taught to ask open-ended questions rather than yes-or-no questions. For example, the parent should ask, "What is the doggie doing?" rather than "Is the doggie running away?" (78) The parents in the experimental group were also instructed in how to help children find answers, how to suggest alternative possibilities and how to praise correct answers.
At the beginning of the study, the children did not differ in measures of language development, but at the end of one month, the children in the experimental group showed 5.5 months ahead of the control group on a test of verbal expression and vocabulary. Nine months later, the children in the experimental group still showed an advance of 6 months over the children in the control group.
Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A. Children who talk a lot are more intelligent.
B. Parents who listen to their children can teach them more.
C. Active children should read more and be given more attention.
D. Verbal ability can easily be developed with proper methods.

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The agriculture revolution in the nineteenth century involved two things: the invention of labor-saving machinery and the development of scientific agriculture. Labor-saving machinery naturally appeared first where labor was scarce. "In Europe", said Thomas Jefferson, "the object is to make the most of their land, labor being sufficient; here it is to make the most of our labor, land being abundant." It was in America, therefore, that the great advances in nineteenth-century agricultural machinery first came. At the opening of the century, with the exception of a crude (粗糙的) plow, farmers could have carried practically all of the existing agricultural tools on their backs. (80) By 1860, most of the machinery in use today had been designed in an early form. The most important of the early inventions was the iron plow. As early as 1890 Charles Newbolt of New Jersey had been working on the idea of a cast-iron plow and spent his entire fortune in introducing his invention. The farmers, however, would have none of it, claiming that the iron poisoned the soil and made the weeds grow. Nevertheless, many people devoted their attention to the plow, until in 1896, James Oliver of South Bend, Indiana, turned out the first chilled-steel plow.
The Word "here" (Para, 1, Line 3) refers to ______.

A. Europe
B. America
C. New Jersey
D. Indiana

In the United States, 30 percent of the adult population has a "weight problem." To many people, the cause is obvious: they eat too much. But scientific evidence does little to support this idea. Going back to the America of the 1910s, we find that people were thinner than today, yet they ate more food. In those days people worked harder physically, walked more, used machines much less and didn't watch television.
Several modern studies, moreover, have shown that fatter people do not eat more on average than thinner people. In fact, some investigations, such as the 1979 study of 3545 London office workers, report that, on balance, fat people eat less than slimmer people.
Studies show that slim people are more active than fat people. A study by a research group at Stanford University School of Medicine found the following interesting facts:
The more the men ran, the more body fat they lost.
The more they ran, the greater amount of food they ate.
(76) Thus, those who ran the most ate the most, yet lost the greatest amount of body fat.
The physical problem that many adult Americans have is that ______.

A. they are too slim
B. they work too hard
C. they are too fat
D. they lose too much body fat

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. The need for labor helped the invention of machinery in America.
B. The farmer rejected Charles Newbolt's plow for fear of ruin of their fields.
C. Both Europe and America had great need for farm machinery.
D. It was in Indiana that the first chilled-steel plow was produced.

In comparison with the adult American Population today, the Americans of the 1910s ______.

A. ate more food and had more physical activities
B. ate less food but had more activities
C. ate less food and had less physical exercise
D. had more weight problems

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