题目内容
听力原文： American scientists are developing maps that can identify areas of future flooding. The maps also may help scientists estimate the possibility of extremely dry weather and severe storms.
Tom Jackson of the United States Department of Agriculture prepared the map after the April flood. He used information provided by satellites in Earth orbit.
The maps are produced from dish receivers on the satellites. Each dish receiver measures the wetness of the soil by capturing the natural release of microwave radiation from the soil. The receivers turn rapidly. This provides complete coverage of each area the satellite passes over.
Mr. Jackson and other scientists have tested Aqua's equipment in air planes and satellites flying over several states. The scientists used the tests to develop ways to change the information gathered into maps.
Mr. Jackson now plans to compare the microwave dish receiver findings with information from tests on Earth's soil. He will use instruments at Agricultural Research Service centers in four states. He also will study information provided by forty ground observation centers across the country.
Why American scientists are developing these maps？
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听力原文：M: You're probably wondering why I asked you to come to see me.
W: Yes, I am. I have been a little worried about it all morning.
M: Oh, I should have told you more when I saw you after class; but there were so many students waiting to ask questions. Jean, I wanted to tell you that I have nominated you for the outstanding student award.
W: Really？
M: You are clearly the best student in my class, and, as I understand, in the rest of your classes as well. I have talked with your other professors. You see, in order to be chosen for the award, you need to have three professors sign the nomination. Dr. Jones, Dr. Harvey, and Dr. Small were more than glad to do so.
W: This is such a surprise. I can hardly take it in.
M: Well, I think you have a very good chance to win it.
W: Dr. Foley, the fact that you think highly enough of me to make the nomination is more than enough for me. I'm really happy just to be nominated.
M: You deserve it. The selection committee will be calling you to set up an interview. Call me when they do, and I'll meet with you to give you some suggestions on how to prepare. If you get the award, you'll receive five hundred dollars along with the certificate of honor.
W: Thank you so much, Dr. Foley. I'm really honored.
What is the main topic of the conversation？
SECTION A CONVERSATIONS
Directions: In this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.
听力原文：W: Dr. Newbury, could I speak with you？
M: Sure. Come in.
W: I need to ask you to let me take the final early.
M: May I ask why？
W: Yes. It's because I bought a ticket to go home for Christmas, and my flight leaves on Tuesday. That's the day before the exam.
M: Yes, well, Penny, the exam schedule is printed in the registration mate rials. You had to know the dates. Why didn't you buy your ticket for the
day after the exam？
W: Truthfully, I just made a mistake. And now, I've got a real problem be cause the ticket is nonrefundable, and I can't afford to buy another one.
M: Hmmn.
W: Dr. Newbury, I live too far away to get home for Thanksgiving and Spring Break like the other students do. This is my only chance to see my family during the school year. I'm sorry that it happened, but couldn't you make an exception this time？ Or could you give me an in complete and let me make it up next semester？
M: Okay. Anyone can make a mistake. You can take the exam on Monday.
W: Thank you. I really appreciate this.
What is the woman's main purpose in this conversation？
听力原文：S: Let's talk about the results of your laboratory experiment. Did you have any problems with it？
B: Yes, Professor Smith. We did.
S: Who's your lab partner, Bob？
B: Anne Wilson.
S: Well, Anne, can you and Bob go over the procedure for the class？
A: Sure. First we put ten grams of crushed limestone in a bottle.
S: Anything special about the bottle？
B: It was a gas-collecting bottle with a one-hole stopper and bent glass tubing.
S: Very good. So you put the limestone in a gas-collecting bottle. Then what？
A: Then we poured in ten milligrams of hydrochloric acid, put on the stopper, and collected a bottle of carbon dioxide.
S: Right, what was the method of collection？A: Water displacement.
S: Good.
A: Then, we lit a magnesium ribbon and put it in the bottle of carbon dioxide.
B: And carbon deposits began to form. on the bottom of the bottle, you see, we didn't have any problem with procedure...
A:WeI1, we had a little problem getting the magnesium ribbon to stay lit until we could get it into the bottle.
B: Okay. But we did it. The big problem was that we really didn't understand what happened. Did the magnesium combine with the oxygen in the carbon dioxide？
S: You have just answered your own question, Rob. The burning magnesium broke the carbon -oxygen bonds in the carbon dioxide, and then the oxygen combined with the magnesium to produce magnesium oxide.
A: And the carbon was freed to deposit itself on the bottle.
S: Exactly.
What is the purpose of this class discussion？
America The Beautiful,is a song almost every American can sing. And while it's true that The Star Spangled Banner has been America's official national anthem since 1931 ,many Americans feel a unique affection for the peaceful, patriotic words the poet Katherine Lee Bates was inspired to write during her great journey through the American out West back in 1893. The gently rousing melody, written by the hymnist Samuel Augustus Ward also helped to popularize the song.
Willie Nelson's version of America the Beautiful, is just one of the countless styles in which it's has been sung. Lynn Sherr, author of America the Beautiful: The stirring True Story of Our Nation's Favorite Song, seems to appreciate them all. "This is the song that has always given me goose bumps, "she says. "I think it is the quintessentially optimistic vision of America. It is hopeful. It is peaceful. And it just feels great to sing. "Ms. Sherr notes that in each of the song's four verses, Katherine Lee Bates includes something significant about America to celebrate, something to pray for, and some challenge to overcome. In the beginning of the poem's familiar first verse, Ms. Bates praised the beauty of the land and its bounty…Thy purple mountains majesties, above the fruited plain, America, America, God shed His grace on thee... Each stanza of Katherine Lee Bates' famous poem also contains a prayer. Ms. Sherr likes to quote the prayer in the song's second verse, which says" America, America, God mend thy every flaw ..." "Imagine understanding that America has some flaws and that we are after all a work in progress, "she says. "It is a song of pure patriotism. But it's not blind patriotism. She knew this was a country that was not perfect. She knew we had a way to go which of course we still do, and yet she still knew that you could know that and still be patriotic. It is important to understand that we are complex human beings and it's a complex country. We are not perfect but we still love it."
Folk singer and left-wing-leaning social activist Pete Seeger whistling the introduction to his version of America the Beautiful. "...And Pete Seeger and understands about patriotism in a way that a lot of Americans didn't have to, "says Ms. Sherr. "He got into trouble with the law because of some of his [ political ] beliefs. The very fact that he also sings it indicates that, bottom line, he loves America. "Ms. Sherr contrasts the meaning of America the Beautiful with The Star Spangled Banner-a song which also happens to be much harder to sing. "Our actual national anthem, The Star Spangled Banner, was written by a man, Francis Scott Key, who saw a battle and he was writing about a war, "she says. "' The rocket's red glare, and the bombs bursting in air...' This one, on the other hand, is peaceful. It's about a land and a country, not about a flag and a war."
Still, the words to America the Beautiful abound in heroism, as we hear in RayCharles' iconic rendition of the song, which he began with the third verse. Oh beautiful for heroes proved ,in liberating strife, who more than self their country loved, in mercy more than life..." ' Oh beautiful for heroes proved,in liberating strife, who more than self their country loved, in mercy more than life...' I think those words were astounding, and so did he, obviously," says Ms. Sherr. "And I must say they resonate more than ever after 9/11. How can you hear the words' who more than self their country loved and mercy more than life...' and not think of all the rescue workers who went into the buildings when everyone else was coming out？ It's an amazing thought in that verse and he does it just beautifully...The Ray Charles version is just so exuberant. It's this kind of bluesy take which of course is pure Ray Charles, very American, very democratic...And this exactly represents Katherine Lee Bates' point of view... This not an elitist song. This is not for the soldie
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