题目内容
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
In recent years, there has been an increasing awareness of the inadequacies of the judicial system in the United States. Costs are staggering both for the taxpayers and the litigants—and the litigants, or parties, concerning methods of ameliorating the situation, but as in most branches of government, changes come slowly.
One suggestion that has been made in order to maximize the efficiency of the system is to allow districts that have an overabundance of pending cases to borrow judges from other districts that do not have such a backlog. Another suggestion is to use pretrial conferences, in which the judge meets in his chambers with the litigants and their attorneys in order to narrow the issues, limit the witnesses, and provide for a more orderly trial. The theory behind pretrial conferences is that judges will spend less time on each case and parties will more readily settle before trial when they realize the adequacy of their claims and their opponents' evidence. Unfortunately, at least one study has shown that pretrial conferences actually use more judicial time than they save, rarely result in pretrial settlements, and actually result in higher damage settlements.
Many states have now established another method, small-claims, in which cases over small sums of money can be disposed of with considerable dispatch. Such proceedings cost the litigants almost nothing. In California, for example, the parties must appear before the judge without the assistance of counsel. The proceedings are quite informal and there is no pleading-the litigants need to make only a one-sentence statement of their claim. By going to this type of court, the plaintiff waives any right to a jury trial and the right to appeal the decision.
In coming years, we can expect to see more and more innovations in the continuing effort to remedy a situation which must be remedied if the citizens who have valid claims are going to be able to see their day in court.
The pretrial conference, in theory, is supposed to do all of the following EXCEPT ______.
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听力原文： It arrived on a Friday afternoon. The idea probably originated somewhere over the Atlantic, off the coast of Africa. It came across the world, until it finally found me, stuck in traffic, and flew through my ear into my head. And I knew exactly what I wanted to do with my life. History had always been my academic passion, I've read so many history textbooks. I've sat down and read countless encyclopedia articles, books and websites, and I've watched more hours of the History Channel than anyone I've ever met. I know that I want to have a hand in guiding the progress of my nation and world. My passion for history has only been matched by my love of mental competition. I live for arguments, debates and discussions. The points and counterpoints come out hard and fast. I make my statement and discredit that of my opponent, I respond, I parry, I dodge. I feel content, happy and fulfilled. These two ideas found their way to me on that Friday afternoon, a profession that would combine my two passions: Campaign Management. My love for mental combat would be used to its fullest in matching wits with the opposing campaign staff, and my passion for history would be more than sated by my involvement in what I consider to be its most interesting aspect: its creation. Through campaign management, I would be indirectly shaping history. Many of my friends don't know where they want to go to school. They don't talk about where they stand in the class, how good, or bad their scores are. People ask me the same questions, and I face them with confidence, because I know the answer to a larger question: I know where I Wahl lo be when I'm done with college.
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Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.
听力原文： Christmas is the time when Christians around the world celebrate the birth of Jesus. Every year in December we celebrate the birthday of Jesus Christ. That is why we call this time "Christmas"—we celebrate the "Mass", or church service, for Christ.
Christmas is a truly magical season, bringing families and friends together to share, the much loved customs and traditions which have been around for centuries. Most people are on holiday in England and stay at home with their family on Christmas day. Christmas is celebrated on the 25th of December in England, with a Christmas dinner for the whole family. During the weeks before Christmas Day, we send cards, watch nativity plays and go to carol services. We also decorate our homes and churches with green leaves, Christmas trees, paper decorations and colorful electric lights.
Christmas customs and traditions in England, are gradually being lost. Christmas has also become commercialised and the old meaning of Christmas is too often forgotten.
Nowadays, Christmas is celebrated all over the world in many countries, including China, where it is becoming more and more popular.
(27)
The City at Night
One third of the day, we work. Another 1/3, we sleep. We keep the precious rest to ourselves for fun. Work may change at any time. Time slips away in bed. Only nightlife is immortal. Forget about your daytime worries and get lost in this wild, nighttime playground.
Beijing: In Search of Happiness
Compared with Shanghai and Guangzhou, Beijing's nightlife seems less charming. Even Beijingers would have to agree. Whether it is due to climate or custom, Beijing's nightlife doesn't hold a candle to Guangzhou or Shanghai. However, there are still places for you to go and enjoy the night.
Don't worry about having the latest nightlife guide. The Sanlitun bar strip remains the most popular and recognizable bar district in Beijing. Most of the patrons are young and like to play just as hard as they work. If you're looking for a more intense night, try the disco halls or Karaoke clubs(more commonly known as KTVs, short for Karaoke Television).
Want to experience a traditional Beijing night？ Try Laoshe Teahouse in Qianmen for its original flavor. Sip the culture of the old city from a cup of tea or watch the traditional Beijing opera in an elegantly furnished building. Don't forget to shout "Bravo!" for the brilliant performers!
Another place to visit is the Shicha-hal Bar Zone. Shicha-hai is a natural lake with a 700-year history. Since Beijing is short of water resources, Shicha-hai is considered a blessed place. While the rest of the capital city is on the express train to modernization and globalization, Shicha-hal is one of the few places where you can still hear the singing of insects and stroll around old Siheyuan(traditional style. single story houses with rows of rooms around the four sides of a courtyard).
These bars have one thing in common, unattractive outsides and unexpectedly charming insides. Old compounds and vogue trends have their proper place, making Shicha-hal sexy.
If you go hungry and want to try something special in a restaurant, don't miss Guijie in the eastern part of the city. The food vendors on the street thrive after 2 a. m. The most popular color here is the red of the lights that stretch along the street, and the most mouthwatering cuisine is the spicy crayfish. In the hot days of summer or on snowy winter nights, this street is always a hot hit.
You can try all kinds of Chinese cooking along this street that is no more than 1500 meters long. The food is cheap and the service is good. Most of the restaurants are in business around the clock. Your only worry is about how to eat it all with only one stomach!
It's easy to overlook familiar sites but it is a mistake to do so in Beijing. Keep yourself curious, explore the city and the Beijing nights won't desert you.
Shanghai: Players with Taste
Shanghai nights are a mixture of cigar smoke, jazz and red wine with a lingering fragrance of romance. It appeals to all your sensory organs and can be an emotional experience.
Shanghai is the most Xiaozi city in China. Xiaozi refers to a specific life style. and spiritual pattern practiced mainly in white collar and intellectual(知识分子) circles. It is characterized by the pursuit of individualism, extraordinary and refined tastes and exquisite and graceful lifestyles.
Paoba(loitering in bars), is quite Xiaozi. Pao means soaking, an accurate metaphor of what one does in a bar—soaking oneself in a relaxing atmosphere as in a hot spring, soothing your flesh and soul with good wine, music and conversation.
The people in Shanghai put emphasis on the style. of Paoba. There are a host of exotic, top grade bars in the city, most of which are clustered on the renowned Hengshan Road, which used to be a lofty uptown area during the French Concession in the early 20th century. The styles of the bars are as varied as th
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