这就是白杨树,西北极普通的一种树,然而绝不是平凡的树!它没有婆娑的姿态,没有屈曲盘旋的虬枝,也许你要说它不美丽,——如果美是专指“婆娑”或“横斜逸出”之类而言,那么白杨树算不得树中的好女子;但是它却是伟岸,正直,朴质,严肃,也不缺乏温和,更不用提它的坚强不屈与挺拔,它是树中的伟丈夫!当你在积雪初融的高原上走过,看见平坦的大地上傲然挺立这么一株或一排白杨树,难道你觉得树只是树?难道你就不想到它的朴质,严肃,坚强不屈,至少也象征了北方的农民;难道你竟一点也不联想到,在敌后的广大土地上,到处有坚强不屈,就像这白杨树一样傲然挺立的守卫他们家乡的哨兵!难道你又不更远一点想到这样枝枝叶叶靠紧团结,力求上进的白杨树,宛然象征了今天在华北平原纵横激荡,用血写出新中国历史的那种精神和意志。
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如果“义”代表一种伦理的人生态度,“利”代表一种功利的人生态度,那么,我所说的“情”便代表一种审美的人生态度。它主张率性而行,适情而止,每个人都保持自己的真性情。 你不是你所信奉的教义,也不是你所占有的物品,你之为你仅在于你的真实“自我”。生命的意义不在于奉献或占有,而在创造,创造就是人的真性情的积极展开,是人在实现其本质力量时所获得的情感上的满足。
Books possess an essence of immortality. They are by far the most lasting products of human effort. Temples and statues decay, but books survive. Time is of no account with great thoughts, which are as fresh today as when they first passed through their authors minds, ages ago. What was then said and thought still speaks to us as vividly as ever from the printed page. The only effect of time has been to sift out the bad products for nothing in literature can long survive but what is really good. Books introduce us into the best society; they bring us into the presence of the greatest minds that have ever lived. We hear what they said and did; we see them as if they were really alive; we sympathize with them, enjoy with them, grieve with them; their experience becomes ours, and we feel as if we were, in a measure, actors with them in the scenes which they describe.
“假若我再上一次大学”,多少年来我曾反复思考过这个问题。我曾一度得到两个截然相反的答案:一个是最好不要再上大学,“知识越多越反动”,我实在心有余悸。一个是仍然要上,而且偏偏还要学现在学的这一套。后一个想法最终占了上风,一直到现在。我为什么还要上大学而又偏偏要学现在这一套呢?没有什么堂皇的理由。我只不过觉得,我走过的这一条道路,对己,对人,都还有点好处而已。我搞的这一套东西,对普通人来说,简直像天书,似乎无补于国计民生。然而世界上所有的科技先进国家,都有梵文、巴利文以及佛教经典的研究,而且取得了辉煌的成绩。这一套冷僻的东西与先进的科学技术之间,真似乎有某种联系。其中消息耐人寻味。
Happiness lies not in the mere possession of money; it lies in the joy of achievement, in