题目内容
The funding councils' Research Assessment Exercise (RAE) judges the quality of research carried out in individual university departments, and rates it on a scale of l to 5. In the last assessment, in 1992, departments ranked as low as 2 received funding. The group says this should not happen in this years exercise. Funding councils have not yet announced how they will distribute money from now on.
In a report called Research capability of the University System launched this week the group claims that funds are needed to pay for the “professional development” of university teachers who are not active in research, to help them keep up with their subject and improve the courses they teach.
It recommends that about 50 million, including money which is currently used to fund research in departments ranked at level 2, should be used to pay for this. It advises that the money should go only to those departments that are not competing for research money through the RAE.
The group believes that some universities have been expanding their research departments in order to attract research money. Some universities, it claims, are better suited to teaching than research, and should be encouraged to develop their expertise as educators.
“There's no use pretending that 104 universities could have the same job in life,” says David Harrison, master of Selwyn College, Cambridge, who chaired the group . A university could have some departments that are strong on research and others that are known for their top -grade teaching, he says.
But some people have some doubts about the group's recommendations. “It seems to be about developing further the distinction between research and non - research universities.” says Paul Cottrell of the Association of University Teachers, "If professional development money is a good idea, then it's a good idea for all university teachers."
The National Academic Policy Advisory Group says that money should be given to.
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What does the author mean to say when he talks about the damage caused by earthquakes to the buildings？
听力原文： The rattlesnake, often considered the deadliest of all North American snakes, has often been the subject of research and discussion among naturalists. This snake earns its name from the presence of rings of tough skin on its tail that remain when sloughing, or the dropping off of skin occurs. Whenever a rattlesnake is agitated, it begins to move its tail, a motion that causes the rings of hardened skin to make a rattling noise.
Most naturalists believe that this noise is an involuntary reaction that results from the nervousness of the reptile; they do not think that the rattlesnake is attempting to convey a warning to its possible victim. Studies have revealed that the rattlesnake is the only venomous snake that gives a signal before striking and, in fact, this reptile is the only species that has rattles. However, both the bull snake and the fox snake also vibrate their tails rapidly whenever they become nervous. Whether or not the rattlesnake should be called “the gentleman among snakes” because of the noise it makes before striking is an interesting question.
Which of the following statements about the rattlesnake is untrue？
What other species of snake moves its tail rapidly when it becomes agitated？
What eventually happens to the skin of the rattlesnake？
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