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静态预期(static expectations)

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最终产品(final goods)

投资(investment)

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试考虑一下只有三种商品的简单经济。每种商品的市场价格分别为P1=5，P2=10，P3=15。1990年每种商品的产量(和消费)分别为Q1=20，Q2=25．Q3=100 a．名义国内生产总值是多少？ b．利用总消费中每种商品的份额作为权值，建立一个消费物价指数。 c．假设1991年价格升至P1=6，P2=12，P3=17，产量(和消费)达到Q1=21，Q2=27，Q3=11。以1990年为基年计算名义国内生产总值和实际国内生产总值。以GDP平减指数来衡量的通货膨胀率是多少？经济的真实增长率是多少？ d．从答案中你对利用价格平减指数的重要性有多少了解？ Consider a simple economy with only three goods．The market price of each good is P1=5，P2=10，and P3=15．The production(and consumption)of each good during 1990 was Q1=20，Q2=25，and Q3=10． a．What is the value of nominal GDP？ b．Construct a consumer price index using as weights the share of each good in total consumption． c．Assume that in 1991 prices rise to P1=6，P2=12，and P3=17 and quantities produced (and consumed)go to Q1=21，Q2=27，and Q3=11．Calculate the value of nominal GDP and real GDP．using 1990 as the base year．What is inflation，as measured by the GDP deflator？What is the real rate of growth of the economy？ d．What does your answer tell you about the importance of using price deflators？