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在治安管理处罚中,处罚是目的,教育是手段。()

A. 正确
B. 错误

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Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a way Whitney financially aided

A. Building homes for them in New York.
B. Helping with medical costs.
C. Providing areas where their art could be displayed
D. Paying for their study in foreign countries.

Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney announced the founding of the Whitney Museum of American Art in January 1930, but her support of artists from the early 1900s until her death in 1942, her abiding concern to aid living artists from the United States had begun more than twenty years earlier. As a sculptor in the academic tradition, she realized that there were few opportunities for independent artists to exhibit or sell their works, especially those from the United States. She remained the greatest patron of art of the twentieth century.
As early as 1907, Whitney organized an exhibition of contemporary art in the United States for the Colony Club, a women's club in New York City of which she was a founding member. The following year she purchased four of the seven paintings sold from the landmark exhibition of "The Eight" at the Macbeth Galleries. She contributed funds to the Armory Show of 1913, and for many years paid her deficit of the society of Independent Artists, founded in 1917.
In 1914, Whitney converted a townhouse into a small gallery known as the Whitney Studio, which featured regular exhibitions of the work of artists from the United States. In 1918, she established the Whitney Studio Club: any artist introduced by a member could join the club, where annual exhibitions gave members a rare opportunity to present their works to the public without first submitting them to a jury.
She aided artists in numerous other ways--sending them abroad to study, paying their hospital bills and studio rents, and most important, purchasing their works.
By 1929, Whitney owned more than five hundred works by artists from the United States, and she felt the public should have an opportunity to see the collection. That year she offered the collection to the Metropolitan Museum of Modern Art, whose director refused her offer before she even had a chance to express her intention to build and endow a Whitney wing. This abrupt rejection only served to challenge Whitney, who announced in January 1930 that she would establish her own museum with a new and dramatically different mandate--to support artists from the United States.
What is the main topic of the passage?

Art movements in the twentieth century.
B. The hardship of twentieth-century artists in the United States.
C. The commitment of Whitney to artists from the United States.
D. The art collections at two different museums.

A.8 years.B.20 years.C.16 years.D.30 years.

A. 8 years.
B. 20 years.
C. 16 years.
D. 30 years.

Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.
Establishing a language camp is a very nice way for students to learn foreign languages. It requires facilities, program planning, and staffing. Providing a good staff is absolutely crucial to the success of a language camp program. Language mastery should not be the only standard for staff selection. Language camp directors and counselors (夏令营管理人) must be able to interact well with teenagers, possess a sense of humor, have the patience to listen as students struggle to express themselves in the target language, and be enthusiastic. Not all teachers, native speakers, or community members have these qualities. Selection of staff must be done with great care because if the language camp experience is not a positive one for the participants, the effort expended is self-defeating.
Another element in creating a positive learning environment is the selection of participants. Students need to understand in advance the purpose of the camp and agree to speak the target language as much as possible. Campers who attend because of parental pressure or for other reasons that are not related to their own desire to speak a foreign language can have a bad effect on the language camp program. Camp directors often require a letter of recommendation from the applicants' foreign language teachers in order to avoid admitting a reluctant participant. An immersion (专心投入) environment can be stressful, and is not necessarily a positive learning experience for everyone.
Most teenagers like to learn and have fun at the same time, and acquiring a foreign language lends itself very well to both activities. During summer vacation, young people are offered the chance to improve their skills in many areas, such as music, sports, journalism, and more recently, computers. At the Ohio University Summer Language Camp, we began offering a session on computers and foreign languages in response to student interest in both subjects. These sessions filled immediately. Many students are eager to participate in summer programs that reinforce what they have learned during the academic year. Our hope for freeing the tongue-tied Americans lies in providing affordable opportunities for young people to speak a foreign language and immerse themselves in another culture. Foreign language camps are indeed a wise investment.
What does the word STAFF refer to in the first paragraph?

A. The participants.
B. Materials.
C. The language camp directors and counselors.
D. Teachers, native speakers and community members.

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