题目内容
Archimedes was a famous Greek mathematician and scientist. He was born about 287 BC and died in 212 BC.
Archimedes is well-known for one specific (精确的) idea that he came up with. "Archime des' principle" tells us that a solid object which is immersed in a liquid is pushed up by a force which is equal to the weight of the water that moves. For example, if you put a piece of wood and a piece of metal of the same size in water, only the wood will float. Both the wood and metal move the same amount (量) of water, but the water moved by the wood weighs less than that of the water moved by the gold. It is believed that Archimedes discovered this principle when the King of Syracuse asked him to solve a problem. The King wanted to know if his crown (皇冠) was pure gold or a mixture of gold and silver. The King, of course, did not want to melt his crown to find out. The idea came to Archimedes as he lowered himself into his bath. He noticed how the water spilled out of the tub. He decided to use the same idea for the crown. He knew that a gold crown immersed in water would weigh more than the one made of silver. The experiment was done and the goldsmith was proved guilty of trying to cheat the King.
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