As much as murder is a staple in mystery stories, so is love. Love may be a four-letter word, or the greatest of the trio of faith, hope, and love. It may appear in a mystery as the driving force behind the plot and the characters. Or it may appear as an aside in a sub-plot, a light spot in a heavy story. But it's there. Even Valentine knew love was worth dying for.
An emotion this strong gets a lot of attention. Love has its own special day, St. Valentine's Day. According to legend, the Roman emperor Claudius Ⅱ needed soldiers to fight for him in the far reaches of the Roman Empire. He thought married men would rather stay home than go to war for a couple of years, so he outlawed marriage and engagements. This did not stop people from falling in love. Valentine, a priest, secretly married many young couples. For this crime, he was arrested and executed on February 14.
St. Valentine's Day was off to a rocky start. Love, secrecy, crime, death. Love prevailed, and the day lost its seamy side. Valentine's Day became a day to exchange expressions of love. Small children give each other paper hearts. Adults exchange flowers and chocolates. Everyone has an attack of the warm fuzzies.
Valentine's Day was popular in Europe in the early 1800s as a day men brought gifts to the women they loved. Gradually the expectations grew higher, the gifts got bigger, and eventually the holiday collapsed under the weight of the bills.
It was revived when the custom of exchanging love letters and love cards replaced the mandatory gifts. A young man's love was measured in how much time he spent making a card with paper, lace, feathers, beads, and fabric. If the young man wasn't good with scissors and glue, the job could be hired out to an artist who made house calls.
Valentine's Day grew more popular when machine-made cards became available, and people didn't have to make their own. In England in 1840, the nation-wide Penny Post made it cheap for everyone to send Valentine cards. In the United States, national cheap postal rates were set in 1845, and valentines filled the mail.
"Roses are red; violets are blue" was a popular verse on Valentine cards. Other holidays are associated with particular flowers — the Christmas poinsettia, the Easter lily but Valentine's Day has no specific flower. Instead, it has colors — red, pink, and white. Red symbolizes warmth and feeling. White stands for purity. According to one romantic flower code, messages can be spelled out with flowers. Gardenias say "I love you secretly." Violets say "I return your love." Roses say "I love you passionately." Not surprisingly, the rose is now the top-seeded flower of love.
But love mostly goes wrong in mystery stories, very badly wrong. Somebody does something wrong. Husbands, wives, and lovers kill each other, or kill for each other. Stack the characters up in any kind of love triangle, and watch how the angles are knocked off. Love is unrequited, thwarted and scorned. Murders are motivated by real or imaginary love, or the lack of it. That famous novelist Ernest Hemingway said, "If two people love each other there can be no happy end to it." So it goes in the mystery. Justice may win, but love is often the loser.
In addition to plots driven by love, or the lack of it, there are sleuths who encounter love in the solving of the crime. The handsome or beautiful detective meets the suspect or the client. Their affair grows around, and in spite of, the murder. Think of the movies Casablanca and Chinatown. Barbara D'Amato offers a different twist on this theme in "Hard Feelings". The amateur sleuth meets a suspect or investigating officer and love smolders around the crime. Rose DeShaw's "Love with the Proper Killer" is such a story.
In a series of novels, if the continuing character is living a full life, love enters the storyline somewhere. Dorothy L. Sayers' sleuth Lord Peter Wimsey fell in l
A. necessary element
B. chief goads
C. metal stick
D. metal bar
SECTION A CONVERSATIONS
Directions: In this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.
听力原文:M: Have you seen my glasses? I can't find them anywhere.
W: Go into the bathroom and look in the mirror.
M: You mean I've got them on. How about that?
W: You're the most absent-minded person I've ever known.
M: I can't deny it. I'd lose my head if it weren't attached to my shoulders.
W: I'll never forget the time you went fishing and forgot to take your rod and reel.
M: I won't forget it either, but that's not the most memorable example of my forgetfulness.
W: How about the time you started to leave without having any pants on?
M: No, that's not it.
W: It couldn't be forgetting your wallet. You've done that a hundred times. I'm tired of guessing, tell me.
M: You never would have guessed. I don't believe I've ever told you about it though you were indirectly affected by the incident. I almost married my college sweetheart.
W: You're right. You've never told me about her.
M: Well, anyway, the day we were supposed to get married was such a beautiful day that I forgot all about the wedding and went fishing instead. The girl never forgave me.
W: I hardly blame her, though I'm glad things turned out differently.
Where were tile man's glasses?
A. The woman had them.
B. Above the mirror.
C. In the bathroom.
D. On his face.
听力原文:W: Have you ever looked really closely at the snowflake?
M: Sure. But they usually melt too fast for me to get a close look. Why do you ask?
W: I'm just curious. I was reading an article about the formation of snowflakes and I realized that I. had never paid much attention to them before.
M: Well, there's a big variety, isn't there?
W: Yeah. But they all have one of three basic forms, hexagonal columns, hexagonal plates, and branching star-shaped form.
M: I wonder why the forms are different. Maybe because ice starts to form. on dust particles with different shapes .
W: Well, I thought it might have something to do with the water saturation of the air, but we were both wrong. The author of this article did extensive research and concluded that the shape of snow crystals is largely controlled by the temperature of the air. For example, the feathery star-shaped snowflake that everyone thinks is typical occurs only at a specific temperature.
M: Doesn't the relative humidity have anything to do with the shapes?
W: Apparently not. The effective super-saturation is simply to alter growth rate. The greater use the saturation, the faster the snowflakes form.
M: Mm, next time it snows, I'll make a point of taking a closer look.
Why has the woman brought up the subject of snowflakes?
A. She has never seen snow before.
B. She is conducting research on snow.
C. She wants to make artificial snow.
D. She has been reading about snow.