题目内容

54岁男性患者,主述间断发作性胸痛1个月,每于活动劳累或快步行走时即出现心前区疼痛伴胸闷、憋气,胸痛向左肩背部及左上肢放射,停止活动可缓解。近日胸痛发作频繁且程度加重,静息时亦有发作,伴呼吸急促、心悸、大量出汗。患者无糖尿病和阻塞性肺部疾病或哮喘;有10余年高血压病史,遵照医嘱每日口服赖诺普利(5mg)和氢氯噻嗪(25mg)。体格检查:体重96kg,心率98次/分,血压160/100mmHg,发作时ECG显示S-T段水平压低>1mm,肌钙蛋白<3.0ng/ml。医生诊断为不稳定型心绞痛,收住冠心病监护(ccu)病房并处方:舌下含服硝酸甘油,缓解心绞痛症状后改为口服5-单硝酸异山梨酯,每次20mg,每日2次;口服美托洛尔,每次25mg,每日2次;首次咀嚼法服用阿司匹林300mg,后改为口服,每日100mg;口服氯吡格雷,每日75mg;皮下注射依诺肝素(enox-aparine),每次40mg;继续口服赖诺普利和氢氯噻嗪。讨论问题:不稳定型心绞痛联合用药的药理学基础。

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