Unfortunately, man has not realized that the third of these services is the most important. Two thousand years ago a rich and powerful country cut down its trees to build warships, with which to gain itself an empire (帝国). It gained the empire, but, without its trees, its soil became hard and poor. When the empire fell to pieces, the home country found itself threatened by flood and starvation.
Even though a government realizes the importance of a plentiful supply of trees, it is difficult for it to persuade villagers to see this. The villagers want wood to cook their food with; and they can earn money by selling wood. They are usually too lazy to plant and look after the trees. So, unless the government has a good system of control, or can educate the people, the forests will slowly disappear.
This does not only mean that the villagers' children and grandchildren will have fewer trees. The results are even more serious, for where there are trees their roots break the soil up, allowing the rain to sink in, and also bind the soil, thus preventing its being washed a-way easily. But where there are no trees, the rain falls on hard ground and flows away from the surface, causing flood.
What is the most important function of trees?
A. Providing fuel.
B. Offering shade.
C. Preventing natural disaster.
D. Providing wood.
What eventually happened to the empire according to the passage?
A. Its people died of hunger.
B. It fell to pieces.
C. It became a giant empire.
D. It built many ships with wood.
Who was thought to be responsible for Thursday's bombings?
A. Terrorists.
B. Civilians.
C. Muslim extremist rebels.
D. The European Union.
The person most often credited with inventing jazz is cornettist Buddy Bolden, a barber. Since his career was over before the first jazz recordings were made, all we have left is legend. He was famous for his big bold cornet sound, as well as for his bold personality. His band started playing around 1895, in New Orleans parades and dances, and eventually rose to become one of the most popular bands in the city. He made up one song after another, and when be wasn't playing, his rich voice was capturing attention. His band had one feature that later jazz authorities recognized as indispensable—"the trance", an ability to sink himself in the music until nothing mattered but himself and the cornet, in fervent communion. Legend has it that he was so popular he had eight bands playing on the same night, and he'd rush from band to band playing a few tunes with each. Several early Jazz musicians, like Sidney Bechet and Bunk Johnson, apparently played in Bolden's bands occasionally.
The Bolden style. had blues foundations, however, his music was more like ragtime with improvised embellishments. His band featured cornet, clarinet, trombone, guitar, bass and drums, playing a mix of popular dance numbers in both ragtime and blues style. By the turn of the century, many New Orleans' bands had begun playing in the collective improvisational style. pioneered by Buddy Bolden. One of those groups was the Original Dixieland Jazz Band, the group which made the first ever jazz recording.
In 1906, Bolden began suffering periods of derangement. The following year he was committed to a mental hospital outside of New Orleans, and remained there for 24 years until his death in 1931 at the age of 54. Trombonist Frankie Dusen took over the Bolden Band, renamed it the Eagle Band, and they continued to be very popular in New Orleans until around 1917. Although we have no recordings of Bolden, Jelly Roll Morton's "Buddy Bolden Blues" did immortalize this pioneering musician.
According to the passage, what was Bolden doing when he wasn't playing?
A. Sleeping.
B. Practicing.
C. Making up songs.
D. Using his voice.