Learn to Behave When Lost in the Woods
Lions and tigers and bears, oh, my!
It can happen to even an Eagle Scout: The trail disappears, directions get confused, and a sudden, turn in the weather forces you away from familiar landmarks. All of a sudden, the thin chain between you and civilization has broken. You're not just Getting Away From It All.. you're lost.
But take heart: Losing your way doesn't have to mean losing your head. Follow the tips in this tutorial to minimize the danger to yourself, and to keep yourself from getting even more lost. You'll notice that the title of this passage is not "Learn to Get UnLost" but "Learn to Behave When Lost in the Woods"—the goat here is not to turn you into a wilderness orientation expert (or a survival expert), but to make it as easy as possible for others to find you safe and sound.
"Be Prepared" is the Boy Scout motto, and if you don't believe in making some kind of preparations you have no business being out in the woods in the first place. Being lost doesn't kill people; it's the doings without (food, clothing, shelter, medical attention) that does them in. Whether packing for an afternoon picnic or a weeklong hiking, observe the Rule of Change: Prepare not only for the weather conditions that exist when you start out, but for the weather that weather can turn into. You don't need to take an umbrella when you're hiking Death Valley (unless you want some shade), but you should cram a rainhat in your pack in Yosemite, even the forecast calls for sunshine. You don't need a parka(风雪大衣) for that day trip, but your clothing should add up to several layers: Put them on or peel them off as the temperature dictates.
You should always, always bring matches or a lighter. Put them in your backpack right nowgo on, we'll wait and don't take them out when you clean out your pack (do, however, check to make sure they're still serviceable). Always bring more water than you expect to drink—and don't drink it just because you have it. If your mouth is thirsty, you can moisten it with a single mouthful; you don't need to chug(一口气地喝) down the bottle.
The best way to avoid getting lost is (obviously) to keep to a trail, so resist the temptation to walk off into the virgin wild unless you know exactly what you're doing. Besides being environmentally unfriendly and often illegal, straying from the trail is flirting with danger. Just as you can drown in an inch of water, you can get hopelessly lost in five minutes of pathless wandering. There's just one more inflexible rule: Don't leave for the outdoors unless there's someone who'll notice you haven't returned. You don't have to post a formal itinerary (旅行计划) at the ranger's office, but at least mention to a friend or family member where you're going and when you expect to be back. For the price of a phone call, you can keep getting lost from becoming a permanent disappearance.
Step One—Don't Panic
First of all, get a grip on yourself. Take ten slow, deep breaths (actually count them) if you do feel panicky. It's normal to feel scared, but keep in mind that all you've lost is a bit of information. An unknown patch of forest isn't inherently more dangerous than a known patch. It's just unknown to you.
•Begin by acknowledging that you're lost—or if you're with one or more other people, by gently creating the consensus that you're lost. Some folks tend to deny the situation, right up to the point where they march off a diff. Don't let macho (or macha) attitude endanger everyone.
•There are two common reactions you'll want to avoid. One is panic, which usually triggers the flight response in humans. Running wildly around, even for a few minutes, could get you irretrievably(无法弥补的) lost (if not injured). The other reaction is overcompensation: Deciding that it's time to play Robinson Crusoe of the Redwoods and trying

A. Y
B. N
C. NG