Which of the following is a frequently cited criticism of formal planning（）
A. Plans lock organizations into rigid goals and timetables
B. Plans take too long to create
C. Plans create resentment within different levels of the organization
D. Formal planning works well only for smaller companies
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In a__, employees are recruited from functional departments to work on a specific project for a limited time period（）
A. team structure
B. divisional structure
C. product structure
D. matrix structure
All of the following are characteristic of learning organizations EXCEPT__（）
A. a strong sense of community
B. a collaborative environment
C. managers who serve as facilitators
D. fear of making mistakes
In traditional goal setting, these individuals set goals（）
A. top manager
B. middle and low-level managers
C. middle managers
D. managers and employees
Which of the following would likely be found in mechanistic organizations（）
A. wide span of control
B. empowered employees
C. decentralized responsibility
D. standardized jobs
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