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There have been many great inventions, things that changed the way we live. The first great invention was one that is still very important today — the wheel. This made it easier to carry heavy things and to travel long distances. For hundreds of years after that there were few inventions that had as much effect as the wheel. Then in the early 1800's the world started to change. There was little unknown land left in the world. People did not have to explore much anymore. They began to work instead to make life better. In the second half of the 19th century many great inventions were made. Among them were the camera, the electric light and the radio. These all became a big part of our life today.
The first part of the 20th century saw more great inventions. The helicopter in 1909. Movies with sound in 1926. The computer in 1928. And jet planes in 1930. This was also a time when a new material was first made. Nylon came out in 1935. It changed the kind of clothes people wear. The middle part of the 20th century brought new ways to help people get over disease. They worked very well. They made people healthier and let them live longer lives. By the, 1960's most people could expect to live to be at least 60. By this time most people had a very good life. Of course new inventions continued to be made. But man now had a desire to explore again. The world was known to man but the stars were not. Man began looking for ways to go into space. Russia made the first step. Then the United States took a step. Since then other countries, including China and Japan, have made their steps into space. In 1969 man took his biggest step away from earth. Americans first walked on the moon. This is certainly just a beginning though. New inventions will someday allow us to do things we have never yet dreamed of.
What was the first great invention?

A. The wheel.
B. The camera.
C. Movies.
D. Nylon.

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The value of money is going down. What you could buy in 1970 for £20, now, in 1979 costs£56.40. That's inflation and nobody likes it, least of all the Bank of England. One of the results of inflation is that people need coins and notes of higher value. At the moment, the note of the highest value which is generally in circulation is the £20 note. Now, the Bank of England plans to introduce a new, £50 note. And the Bank is trying to decide which famous English man or woman to put on the back of the new note.
Quite a problem. The Bank usually chooses safe, historical personalities. We already have Sir Isaac Newton, the scientist, the first duke of Wellington, the famous soldier who led the British army at Waterloo, Florence Nightingale, founder of English nursing and — of course — Shakespeare. So far, the list of possible choices for the £50 note is quite predictable. There's Sir Francis Drake, to represent the achievements of English explorers in the sixteenth century. Then we have Lord Nelson, another sailor and the man who won the battle of Trafalgar in 1805 for England. Isambard Kingdom Brunel, the engineer, is also on the list because of the magnificent bridges which he built. The Bank will not forget music this time either — Sir Edward Elgar, one of our most famous composers of the nineteenth century is a possible choice. If they choose a woman, the feminist movement has two representatives: Boadicea, Queen of the early English tribes of the first century, who fought against the Romans, or Emily Pankhurst, who fought to get the vote for women early in this century.
What do you think of this selection? There's no one who was alive in the last fifty years on it and no political leader. Why not? Why doesn't the Bank choose popular heroes — like the Beatles, for example? Write and tell "BBC Modern English" who is on your list for this banknote. Imagine you have to choose some personality to go on a banknote in your own country. Who is your choice?
"Inflation" in this story means "______".

A. the rise in prices resulting from an increase in the money, credit, etc.
B. the rise and fall of the voice in speaking
C. the process of inflating or being inflated
D. an illness brought by infection

Who made the first step into space?

A. Japan.
B. Russia.
C. The United States.
D. China.

France was unable to increase the production of quality goods at home due to ______.

A. the government's reluctance to let workers leave the country
B. lack of qualified workers as a result of labor force drain
C. decrease of the quantity of quality goods produced in foreign countries
D. the precarious and discouraging situation

Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Sir Isaac Newton was a famous English scientist.
B. Florence Nightingale was the famous soldier who led the British army at Waterloo.
C. Sir Francis Drake won achievements for English explorers in the 16th century.
D. Lord Nelson was the man who won the battle of Trafalgar in 1805 for England.

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