Section BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by matching the corresponding letter with each statement.Liter of Light[A] 2015 is UNESCO’s International Year of Light, throughout which innovative light based technologies will be showcased. For the majority of people who spend life surrounded by artificial light, in the home, in the workplace and on the streets, it might seem something so mundane as to not require any particular attention. However, today, more than a quarter of the world’s population lives in darkness.[B] According to UNESCO, more than 1.5 billion people currently have no access to electrical light, and about 1.3 billion of them spend up to half of their income on paraffin (煤油) to light their homes. Paraffin kills 1.5 million people a year in fires, or from associated health problems such as bronchitis and cancer. Inhaling paraffin smoke regularly is equivalent to smoking four packets of cigarettes a day.[C] The need for clean, affordable alternatives is obvious, which is why one charity, Liter of Light, has pledged to create a million green, off-the-power grid lights in 2015 using an ingenious design, a solar powered light that is cheap and easy to assemble and whose main feature is a plastic bottle: the kind that holds a liter of carbonated drink, and that is usually thrown away once empty.[D] The original Liter of Light group was formed in 2011 in the Philippines by the MyShelter Foundation, a charity offering sustainable building solutions for storm-damaged communities. Its founder, Illac Diaz, was shocked by living conditions he saw in rural areas of the Philippines hit by severe storms during his work as telecoms manager. He began to think about ways of providing cheap and durable replacement buildings in these areas. He left his job to study alternative architecture and urban planning in the U.S. There he came across the original bottle light developed by a Brazilian mechanic, Alfredo Moser, in 2002. Diaz hit upon the idea of using the technology in light poor and storm-damaged homes after seeing videos of it being put to similar use in Haiti. He returned to his home country and set up MyShelter Foundation in 2006. In 2011, it created Liter of Light, installing solar bottles in more than 15,000 homes in and around the capital, Manila.[E] The technology is disarmingly simple — a plastic bottle filled with bleached water installed in the roof of a building so that daylight from outside refracts through the water into the room, providing equivalent brightness to a 50-watt conventional bulb in full daylight.[F] Now, the charity has chapters in 53 countries and has installed at least 350,000 daytime lights and about 15,000 night lights which use a solar panel to provide power for 4 LED bulbs. The LEDs are housed inside the protective bottle with the solar panel screwed into the top. The three-watt lights provide enough brightness to light a 15sq meter room. With the addition of a 10ft PVC pipe, or pole made from bamboo or wood, the device can be transformed into a street lamp. More importantly, all of the components are open-sourced and can be built from scratch.[G] The fact that the technology is not owned by a multinational corporation is hugely important in the charity’s bottom-up approach. Liter of Light provides a model where individual entrepreneurs can learn to make and install the devices and sell them to their communities for a small profit, thus kick starting grassroots green economies such as the one in San Pedro Laguna in the Philippines where a single local entrepreneur has installed 11,000 solar bottles.[H] The global success of the idea has led to projects around the world. In Pakistan, a local Liter of Light organizer has installed 100 street lights in the UN’s Jalozai refugee camp, one of the country’s largest. The camp was severely over-crowded and the average refugee had no access to light. For the Year of Light, the plan is to install another 450 lights in the camp and 400 in a fishing village on the coast. The plan is to ensure that all facilities in the village, the houses, washrooms, community places, worship places, shops are adequately lit and furthermore that locals are taught how to replicate the technology.[I] In Egypt, Liter of Light, backed by Pepsi, will provide lights for villages and 35 schools. However, it is in Columbia where perhaps the most ambitious projects are taking place. Liter of Light Colombia has developed its own version of the technology to provide lighting 300% more powerful than yellow street lights at just 2% of the cost. They have a lifespan of 70,000 hours, that’s six years of light and can shine for 3 consecutive nights without recharging. This year, 2,000 more will be installed in some of Colombia’s off-grid, conflict-torn areas; a significant and simple step towards making these communities safer is to illuminate their streets.